Bonding Definitions

Question 1

Valence electrons

Answer 1

The electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom

Question 2

Valency

Answer 2

The number of electrons gained, lost, or shared to complete the outermost energy level

Question 3

Ionisation energy

Answer 3

The energy needed per mole to remove an electron/electrons from an atom in the gaseous state

Question 4

Electron affinity

Answer 4

The amount of energy released when a neutral atom accepts an additional electron to form a negative ion

Question 5

Electronegativity

Answer 5

The measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons

Question 6

Metallic bond

Answer 6

The attraction between positive kernels and a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 7

Ionic bonding

Answer 7

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons to form cations and anions which are electrostatically attracted in an ionic crystal lattice

Question 8

Molar mass

Answer 8

The mass in grams of one mole of that substance

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

Homogenous mixture of solute and solvent

Question 10

Solute

Answer 10

Substance dissolved in the solution

Question 11

Solvent

Answer 11

The substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution

Question 12

Molar concentration

Answer 12

The amount of solute per unit volume of solution

Question 13

Mole

Answer 13

The amount of substance, expressed in grams, which contains as many elementary particles as there are in 12g of carbon-12

Question 14

Molar mass

Answer 14

The mass in grams of one mole of that substance

Question 15

Molar volume

Answer 15

The volume occupied by 1 mole of any gas at STP