Bonding and Water Review Flashcards
A substance made up of two or more atoms ina fixed proportion.
Compound
True or False: The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elemnts that make up the compound.
True
H2O is a chemical _______________.
Formula
How many different elements make up H2SO4 ?
Three
How many total atoms are there in a H2SO4 molecule?
Seven
When atoms form compounds teh ultimate goal is for all the atoms to become chemically ___________.
Stable
What subatomic particles interact when bondng?
Electrons
When an atom of an element is stable the outer energy level ( with the excepetion of He and H) has _________ electrons.
Eight
Hydrogen only needs _______ electrons to be stable.
Two
When atoms form compounds, they will do one of three things with their valence electrons. What are those three things?
Gain, lose or share
The attractive force that holds the atoms of a compound together.
chemical bond
The noble gases in group 18 do not naturally form compounds because their outer energy level is _________.
full
This type of bond is formed between two opossitely charged ions. When one atoms gains an electron(s) and the other losses an electron(s).
ionic
A positiveley charged ion is a __________.
cation
A negatively charged ion is a ___________.
anion
A compound is electrically neutral because it has the same number of __________ as it does __________.
electrons, protons
The ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons.
Electronegativity
As you go rightward and upward on the periodic table, electronegativity ___________.
increases
When atoms share electrons in a bons, this is a(n) _____________ bond.
covalent
___________ covalent bonds form beteen atoms of elements that have different electronegativity.
Polar
____________ covalent bonds fornm between atoms of elements that are the same.
Nonpolar
A __________ shows the direction of the pull of the electrons in a bond.
dipole
Two shared electrons make a ____________ covalent bond.
single
Four shared electrons make a _____________ covalent bond.
double
Six shared electrons make a ________ covalent bond.
triple
Water contains ___________ covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen and the overlal molecule is _________.
polar, polar
The bondthat forms between water molecules is a __________ bond.
hydrogen
Water has a ________ boiling point compared to other polar covalent substances due to the strong forces between the hydrogen bonds.
high
Whay is water called the universal solvent?
It has the ability to dissolve many other like substances as well as ionic compounds
An ionic compound breaks apart into anions and cations when dissolved in water, because they are more ___________ to water molecules than they are to one another.
attracted
A property that causes like molecules to stick to one another.
cohesion
A property that causes molecules of different substances to stick to one another.
adhesion
water naturally forms into _____________ drops because this shape requires the least amount of energy.
spherical
When water moves upward due to adhesion and cohesion.
capillary action
The elastic surface of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles to one another under the surface is called surface ___________.
tension
Because water has a _________ heat of vaporization it creates a “blanket” that keeps the Earth warm at night.
high
The density of solid water is _________ the density of liquid water.
less than
Whe water freezes the density decreases because the volume ____________.
increases
