Bonding Flashcards
What is a polyatomic ion?
Ions that contain more than 1 atom
NH4+ and NO3-
What is a giant ionic lattice?
Repeating pattern of alternating positive and negative ions
What is an ionic bond?
An electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
How do you increase the attraction of oppositely charged ions?
All positive ions attract to all negative ions and vice versa however, the closer the ions are the stronger the attraction.
Is breaking bonds/attractions endothermic or exothermic?
Endothermic
It requires energy
Is making bonds/attractions endothermic or exothermic?
Exothermic
It releases energy
How does water break ionic bonds?
Delta positive Hydrogens make bonds with negative ions and delta negative oxygens make bonds with positive ions releasing energy.
This energy breaks the bonds.
What are the 5 things you use to compare ionic molecules?
Ionic charge Ionic radius Charge density Electrostatic force of attraction Melting/boiling point
What happens to ionic radius as you go across the groups?
Gets slightly smaller
What happens to ionic radius as you go down a group?
Gets larger
What is a metallic bond?
An electrostatic force of attraction between positive ions and a sea of delocalised electrons.
What 5 things do you use to compare metals?
Charge Radius Charge density Electrostatic force of attraction Melting/boiling point
When do ionic molecules conduct electricity?
Molten and in solution
Why don’t ionic molecules conduct when solid?
Ions aren’t mobile so can’t carry the electrical current. They are fixed in a lattice.
When do metallic molecules conduct electricity?
Solid, molten, in a solution and as a liquid.
They have delocalised electrons.
