Bonding Flashcards
what is a cation
a positive ion
what is an anion
a negatively charged ion
how are cations and anions formed
- when a metal loses electrons and a non metal gains them
- the electrostatic attraction between positives and negatives brings particles together forming an ionic compound
when is an ionic compound formed
when a metal reacts with a non metal
difference between an atom and an ion
ions have a charge whereas atoms dont
groups on periodic table where ions can be made
- group 1,2,6,7, because of the number of electrons that have on their outer shell, which the group number indicates
- 1 can react with 7 and 2 can react with 6
how are most polyatomic ions bonded
covelantly
when is -ide used at the end of a compound
when there are only 2 elements that have been reacted together
when is -ade used at the end of a compound
for poly-atomic ions of oxygen. three or more elements with oxygen always included
what are ionic bonds
electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
how are oppositely charged ions arranged
a regular way to form giant ionic lattices, often forming crystals as a result
what is the giant ionic structure like
chain of positive and negative ions electrostatically bonded with a sea of delocalised electrons in a liquid state
properties of an ionic compound
- strong
- malleable
- conductive
- high melting and boiling points
properties of a covelant compound
- weak
- brittle
- not conductive
- low boiling points due to weak inter-molecular forces
why do ionic compounds have high melting points
their ionic bonds are very strong
