Bonding

Question 1

Why do chemical bonds form?

Answer 1

when atoms bond together they share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron arrangement .

Question 2

what always are involved when a bond forms?

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

which group in the periodic table is unreactive and have full outer main levels of electrons.

Answer 3

noble gas

Question 4

three types of strong bonds

Answer 4

ionic, covalent and metallic

Question 5

metals tend to ____ electrons

Answer 5

lose

Question 6

non-metals tend to _____ electrons

Answer 6

gain

Question 7

ionic bonding occurs between ________ and ________

Answer 7

metals and non-metals

Question 8

how do the electrons ‘‘move’’ in an ionic bonding?

Answer 8

electrons are transferred from metal atoms to non-metal atoms.

Question 9

what are formed in an ionic bonding?

Answer 9

positive ions and negative ions

Question 10

can you draw a dot and cross diagram of sodium chloride?

Answer 10

1 mark for [….]
1 mark for charges
1 mark for getting the electrons configurations correct

Question 11

what attracted two ions together?

Answer 11

electrostatic forces

Question 12

what is the total overall charge of an ionic compound?

Answer 12

0

Question 13

what are ionic crystals?

Answer 13

giant ionic lattices

Question 14

can u draw a giant ionic lattice of sodium chloride?

Answer 14

…

Question 15

do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

Answer 15

they do when are molten or dissolved but not when they are soild.

Question 16

what melting point do ionic compounds have?

Answer 16

they have high melting points because they are held together by strong electroststic forces. it takes loads of energy to overcome these forces.

Question 17

Do ionic compounds dissolved in water?

Answer 17

they tend to dissolve in water. water molecules are polar. the water molecules pull the ions away from the lattice and cause it to dissolved.

Question 18

How are molecules fromed?

Answer 18

they are fromed when two or more atoms bond together- it doesnt matter if the atoms are the same or different.

Question 19

What hold molecules together?

Answer 19

strong covalent bonds

Question 20

what covalent bonds can be?

Answer 20

single, double and triple bonds

Question 21

what can we use to represent covalent bonds

Answer 21

C一C

Question 22

in covalent bonding, two atoms ______ electrons.

Answer 22

share

Question 23

what do nuclei attracted to in a coalent bond

Answer 23

the shared electrons

Question 24

can you draw a molecule which forms double bonds

Answer 24

CO2

Question 25

can you draw a molecule which forms triple bonds

Answer 25

N2

Question 26

do simple covalent cmpounds conduct electricity?

Answer 26

No, they don't

Question 27

simple covalent compounds have ____ melting point.

Answer 27

low

Question 28

why do simple covalent compounds have low melting point?

Answer 28

because the weak IMF between the molecules are easily broken.

Question 29

what is the other name for giant covalent strutures?

Answer 29

macromolecular structures

Question 30

what is macromolecular structures

Answer 30

they have a huge network of covalently bnded atoms

Question 31

what are the two types of macromolecular structures?

Answer 31

graphite and diamond

Question 32

can you draw the structure of graphite?

Answer 32

...

Question 33

can you describe the structure of graphite?

Answer 33

the carbon atoms in graphite are arranged in sheets of flat hexagons covalently bonded with three bonds each. the fourth outer electron of each carbon atom is delocalised. the sheets of hexagons are bonded together by weak WDV forces.

Question 34

the ___ bonds between the layers in graphite are _________, so the sheets can ________.

Answer 34

the weak bonds between the layers in graphir are easily broken, so the sheets can easily slide over each other.

Question 35

can graphite conduct electricity?

Answer 35

the delocalised electrons are free to move along the sheets, so an electric current can flow.

Question 36

what is the ratio of the length of the covalent bonds compared to the length between two layers.

Answer 36

the layers are quite far apart compared to the length of the covalent bond, so graphite has a low density and is used to make strong, lightweight equipment.

Question 37

do graphite have high melting point?

Answer 37

they do have a very high melting point due to the strong covalent bonds in the hexagon sheets. 3900K

Question 38

are graphite soluble?

Answer 38

they are insoluble in any solvent. the covalent bonds in the sheets are too difficult to break.

Question 39

what does diamond make out of?

Answer 39

Carbon atoms

Question 40

can u draw the shape of diamond?

Answer 40

....

Question 41

each carbon atom is _________to four other ______

Answer 41

covalently bonded, carbon atoms

Question 42

what is the shape of carbon atoms in diamonds and what structure is it?

Answer 42

tetrahedral shape, crystal lattice strusture

Question 43

does diamond have a hight melting point?

Answer 43

yes, because of the strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms. (3800K)

Question 44

diamon is extremely _____

Answer 44

hard

Question 45

________ travel easily through the __________, so it's a good ________

Answer 45

vibrations, stiff lattice , thermal conductor

Question 46

can diamond conduct electricity?

Answer 46

no, it doesn't have free electrons

Question 47

will diamond dissolve in any solvent?

Answer 47

No, the covalent bonds are too strong

Question 48

what is a co-ordinate bond?

Answer 48

one of the atoms provides both of the shared electrons

Question 49

in H3O+, which atom is electrons donor?

Answer 49

Oxygen

Question 50

what does the shape of a molecule depend on?

Answer 50

the number of pairs of electrons in the outer shell of the central atom

Question 51

shared electrons are called ______.

Answer 51

bonding pairs

Question 52

unshared electrons are called _____.

Answer 52

lone pairs

Question 53

what is a charge cloud?

Answer 53

a charge cloud is an area where you have a really big chance of finding an electron pair.

Question 54

bonding pairs and lone pairs of electrons exist as ______

Answer 54

charge clouds

Question 55

electrons are all ________, so they will _____ each other as much as they can.

Answer 55

negatively charged, repel

Question 56

lone pair charge clouds _________ bonding pair charge clouds

Answer 56

repel more than

Question 57

what combination of electron pairs has the greatest angle

Answer 57

lone pairs

Question 58

what do lone pairs always do to the bonding pairs?

Answer 58

bonding pairs are pushed by lone pairs so the angle between two bonding pairs get reduced.

Question 59

can you draw out and name the shape of BeCl2?

Answer 59

.....linear shape

Question 60

do you the bond angle of BeCl2?

Answer 60

180

Question 61

can you draw and name the shape of BF3?

Answer 61

.....trigonal planar

Question 62

what is the bond angle of BF3

Answer 62

120

Question 63

which shape has the bond angle of 180?

Answer 63

linear shape

Question 64

can you draw and name the shape of NH4+?

Answer 64

.....tetrahedral

Question 65

what is the bond angle of NH4+

Answer 65

109.5

Question 66

which shape has the bond angle of 120

Answer 66

trigonal planar

Question 67

can you draw and name the shape of NH3

Answer 67

.... trigonal pyramidal

Question 68

what is the bond angle of NH3

Answer 68

107

Question 69

what is the bond angle does a tetrahedral molecule have?

Answer 69

109.5

Question 70

can you draw and name the shape of water?

Answer 70

......non-linear

Question 71

what is the bond angle of water

Answer 71

104.5

Question 72

which shape has the bond angle of 107

Answer 72

trigonal pyramidal

Question 73

can you draw and name the shape of PCl5

Answer 73

trigonal bipyramidal

Question 74

what the bond angle of PCl5?

Answer 74

90, 120

Question 75

can you draw and name the shape of SF6

Answer 75

...octahedral

Question 76

what the bond angle of SF6

Answer 76

90

Question 77

which shape has the bond angle of 104.5

Answer 77

bent

Question 78

what is the bond angle of a molecule which has trigonal bipyramidal shape.

Answer 78

90, 120

Question 79

metal elements exist as _____________.

Answer 79

giant metallic lattice structure

Question 80

the ________ shell of electrons of a metal atom is _______.

Answer 80

outermost, delocalised

Question 81

the ______metal ions are _________to the ___________ electrons.

Answer 81

positive, attracted , negative delocalised

Question 82

what affects the melting points in a metallic lattice structure.

Answer 82

the number of electrons

Question 83

the more _______, the stronger the metallic bonding will be and therefore higher _____________ .

Answer 83

electrons, the melting point