Bonding Flashcards
Ionic Bonding is the bonding of …
metallic and non-metallic ions
Cations are
positively charged metal atoms
anions are
negatively charged non-metal ions
Definition of ionic bonding
electromagnetic force that holds together lattice (combined cations and anions)
What is the octet rule
is when element that react to have their atoms having 8 electrons in the outer shell
What is valency
is the number of electrons an atom needs to loose or gain to combine with other atoms of other elements.
What does the valency look like through out the periodic table
Groups 1-4 = have the same number of valency as the number of the groupm
Group 5 = 3 v
Group 6 = 2 v
Group 7 = 1 v
Group 8 = 0 v
What is a polyatomic ion?
a molecule that has been ionized by gaining or loosing electrons.
What are common polyatomic ions and their Formulae.
Ammonium
NH₄⁺
Hydroxide
OH⁻
Ammonia
NH3
Sulfate
SO₄²⁻
Nitrate
NO₃⁻
Carbonate
CO₃²⁻
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
- High melting points
- hard but brittle
- cant conduct electricity while solid but can when liquid
- both soluble/ insoluble
Covalent bonding is between … and…
non-metal and non-metal share electrons rather than transfer electrons.
What is a molecule
separate groups of atoms bonded by covalent bonds
Properties of covalent metals are ..
- low melting points
- don’t conduct electricity
Non - bonding electrons are …
outer shell electrons that are not involved in bonding
Lone pairs are …
pairs of non bonding electrons
Metallic bonding is between …
metals + metals through delocalized electrons
Properties of metallic bonding include …
- high melting points
- conductors of electricity
- high densities
- low ionization and electronegativity.
