bonding

Question 1

polar covalent bonds

Answer 1

electrons that are shared unequally between 2 atoms
electro-neg diff = 0.4-1.6

Question 2

nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 2

electrons are shared equally between 2 atoms
electro-neg diff = 0-0.3

Question 3

ionic bonds

Answer 3

transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal
electro-neg diff = above 1.7

Question 4

linear

Answer 4

2 domains
degree = 180
hybridization: sp

Question 5

how many electrons does Be need to have a full shell?

Answer 5

4 electrons

Question 6

trigonal planar

Answer 6

3 domains
degree = 120
hybridization: sp2

Question 7

how many electrons does B need to have a full shell?

Answer 7

6 electrons

Question 8

tetrahedral

Answer 8

4 domains
degree = 109.5
hybridization: sp3

Question 9

trigonal pyramidal

Answer 9

4 domains - 3 bonded pairs, 1 lone pair
degree = <109.5 (105)
hybridization: sp3

Question 10

bent

Answer 10

4 domains - 2 bonded pairs, 2 lone pairs
degree = <109 (107)
hybridization: sp3

Question 11

trigonal bipyramidal

Answer 11

5 domains
degree = 120 and 90
hybridization: sp3

Question 12

octahedral

Answer 12

6 domains
degree = 90
hybridization: sp3d2

Question 13

how can you tell a molecule is nonpolar?

Answer 13

it has a symmetrical charge distribution

Question 14

how can you tell a molecule is polar?

Answer 14

it has an asymmetrical charge distribution

Question 15

do polyatomic ion dot diagrams have brackets surrounding them?

Answer 15

yes !!!

Question 16

what is an iconic bond made of?

Answer 16

a metal and a nonmetal

Question 17

what is a covalent bond made of?

Answer 17

two nonmetals

Question 18

how do you draw a substance that contains both covalent and ionic bonds?

Answer 18

the polyatomic ion goes in brackets and the metal is written outside of the brackets

Question 19

what is sigma bonding?

Answer 19

a bond formed by the direct or end to end overlap of atomic orbitals on the bond axis

Question 20

what is a pi bond?

Answer 20

a bond formed by the sideways overlap of 2p orbitals above and below the bond axis

Question 21

how many sigma and pi bonds does a double bond have?

Answer 21

1 sigma, 1 pi

Question 22

how many sigma and pi bonds do triple bonds have?

Answer 22

1 sigma, 2 pi

Question 23

when a bond is formed, energy is…

Answer 23

released

Question 24

when a bond is broken, energy is…

Answer 24

absorbed

Question 25

to conduct electricity, there must be what?

Answer 25

mobile charged particles

Question 26

there are no molecules in ionic compounds. how are the ions arranged?

Answer 26

crystalline lattice structure

Question 27

properties of ionic compounds

Answer 27

ionic bond metal and nonmetal high melting point high solubility does not conduct as solid does conduct as a liquid or aqueous

Question 28

properties of molecular bonds

Answer 28

covalent bonds 2 nonmetals low melting point low solubility does not conduct as solid, liquid or aqueous

Question 29

properties of metallic bonds

Answer 29

metallic bonds 1 metal high melting point low solubility does conduct in all forms

Question 30

properties of network solids

Answer 30

covalent bonds Diamond, SiO2, SiC and graphite high melting point low solubility does not conduct in any form

Question 31

if there is a positive ion, which part of the water molecule will form a hydrated ion?

Answer 31

O, has a negative charge

Question 32

if there is a negative ion, which part of the water molecule will form a hydrated ion?

Answer 32

H, has a positive charge

Question 33

what is a metallic bond described as having?

Answer 33

a sea of mobile electrons

Question 34

what is an intermolecular force (IMF)?

Answer 34

forces of attraction between two molecules. these exist between molecular substances

Question 35

london dispersion force

Answer 35

weakest IMF occurs between nonpolar (symmetrical) molecules

Question 36

dipole-dipole

Answer 36

occurs between polar (asymmetrical) molecules

Question 37

hydrogen bonding

Answer 37

strongest IMF occurs between molecules that contain H bonded to F, O or N highest melting & boiling points