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IGCSE G9 Chemistry > Bonding > Flashcards

Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Ionic Bonding [2]

A

Transfer of Electrons from metal to non-metal

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2
Q

Metals lose electrons to form [2]

A

positive ions

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3
Q

Non-metals gain electrons to form [2]

A

negative ions

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4
Q

‘_______ force of attraction between opposite charged ions’ [1]

A

electrostatic

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5
Q

Define Covalent bonds [1]

A

A shared pair of electrons

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6
Q

Steps to covalent bonds [3]

A
  1. Write the atoms
  2. Number of valence electrons
  3. How many electrons it wants to gain (number of electrons shared)
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7
Q

define Ion [1]

A

A charged particle (through bonding)

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8
Q

define Atom [1]

A

Neutrally charged particle which makes up everything

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9
Q

Ionic bonding has a ____ melting point [1]

A

high melting point

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10
Q

Ionic bonding is held together by [1]

A

Electrostatic force of attraction

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11
Q

Describe ionic bonding [5]

A

*Between metals + non-metals
*Metals lose e- to from positive ions
*Non-metals gain e- to form negative ions
*transfer of electrons
*Electrostatic force of attraction holds ions together

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12
Q

Describe and explain the properties of diamonds [5]

A

*Giant Covalent
*Carbon atoms
*Held together by lots of covalent bonds
*High melting point
Because lots of covalent bonds that require a
lot of energy to break
*Doesn’t conduct electricity
Because no mobile charged carriers

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13
Q

Describe and explain Graphite [4]

A

*Giant Covalent
*lots of strong covalent bonds
*Carbon atoms form 3 bonds that require a lot of energy to break
*conducts electricity
Carbon atoms form 3 bonds so it has delocalised electrons between layers

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14
Q

Describe Covalent bonds [5]

A

*Shared pair of electrons
*Between non-metals
*Small molecule
*Held together by strong covalent bonds
Weak intermolecule forces
*Does not conduct electricity
Because there are no mobile charged carriers

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15
Q

Ionic bonding has a high melting point because… [2]

A

A lot of energy is required to WEAKEN the electrostatic force of attraction

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16
Q

Describe and explain the melting point of a giant ionic substances [3]

A

*high melting point
*because strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
*that require a lot of energy to overcome

17
Q

Describe and explain the melting point of simple covalent substances [3]

A

*small molecules
*weak intermolecular forces
*that require a small amount of energy to overcome

18
Q

Describe and explain the melting point of giant metallic substances [3]

A

*high melting point
*because strong electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
*That require a lot of energy to overcome

19
Q

Describe and explain the melting point of giant covalent substances [3]

A

*high melting point
*because lots of strong covalent bonds
*that require a lot of energy to overcome

20
Q

Describe and explain conductivity of giant ionic substances [4]

A

*doesn’t conduct when solid
*because the ions are fixed in position
*conducts when molten or aqueous
*because the ions can move and carry charge

21
Q

Describe and explain the conductivity of simple covalent substances [2]

A

*doesn’t conduct
*no free electrons

22
Q

Describe and explain the conductivity of giant metallic substances [3]

A

*conducts electricity
*because delocalised electrons
*can move and carry charge through the structure

23
Q

Describe and explain the conductivity of a giant covalent substances [5]

A

*Diamond and silica don’t conduct
*Because no free electrons
*graphite does conduct
*carbon in graphite only forms 3 bonds
*so, there are free electrons that can move and carry charge through the structure

24
Q

Name three giant covalent substances [3]

A

*diamond
*graphite
*silica (silicon Dioxide)

25
Q

describe a lattice structure [2]

A

Strong electrostatic force of attraction that holds together opposite charged ions in fixed position (uniform) OoOoO

IGCSE G9 Chemistry (10 decks)

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