Bonding

Question 1

Chemical Bonds

Answer 1

Covalent bond: sharing electrons (non-metals)
Metallic bond: sharing delocalised electrons (metals)
Ionic bond: transferring electrons (metal + non-metal)

Question 2

Covalent bonds

Answer 2

Covalent bonds occur when non-metals share electrons to enable all atoms involved to have a full stable outer shell.
(single bonds, double bonds, triple bonds)

Question 3

Metallic bonds

Answer 3

In metallic bonding, negatively charged electrons are lost from the outer shell of the metals creating positive ions.

The freed electrons delocalise (spread out) to form a ‘sea’ of electrons throughout the entire metal structure

Question 4

Anion

Answer 4

Atoms that gain electrons (negatively charged)

Question 5

Cation

Answer 5

Atoms that lose electrons (positively charged)

Question 6

Ionic compounds

Answer 6

After atoms have reacted to form ions they form an ionic bond as they are oppositely charged and so have an electrostatic attraction to each other.

Question 7

Naming ionic compounds

Answer 7

(Metal) (Non-metal) change non-metal ending to -ide unless polyatomic - leave it

Question 8

Writing ionic compounds

Answer 8

SWAP e.g Mg+2 F-1 = MgF2