Bolshevik Consolidation: Economic & Social Developments

Question 1

State Capitalism

Answer 1

• Lenin knew socialism could only develop in an industrialised society - Russia not one.
• State Capitalism - imposed degree of state control but retained elements of capitalism such as private markets.

Question 2

Response to State Capitalism

Answer 2

• Many Bolsheviks disproved of any compromise with old capitalist system.
• They demanded radical change - nationalisation of all businesses, abolition on money.
• Lenin envisaged a long transition.

Question 3

How did the Bolsheviks develop greater state control over the economy?

Answer 3

• Nationalisation of banks (Dec 17) and railways (June and Sep 18).
• Veshenka (Dec 17) - took responsibility for the regulations of economic life.
• GOELRO (1920) - organised production and distribution of electricity.

Question 4

Problems of State Capitalism

Answer 4

• Workers failed to organise factories efficiently.
• Output shrank.
• Workers gave themselves unsuitable pay rises & helped themselves to stock.
• Lacked the skills needed for successful management.