Boli ale sistemului nervos Flashcards

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1
Q

MENINGITA

A
  • inflamatie a meningelor la nivel spinal/cerebral
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2
Q

CAUZELE MENINGITEI

A
  • Bacteriene
  • Virale
  • Ciuperci microscopice
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3
Q

SIMPTOMELE MENINGITEI

A
  • febra
  • gat intepenit
  • convulsii
  • voma
  • sensibilitate
  • dureri articulare
  • dureri de cap
  • somnolenta
  • iritatii
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4
Q

ENCEFALITA

A
  • Boala inflamatorie acuta a creierului
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5
Q

CAUZELE ENCEFALITEI

A
  • Prezenta unor virusuri la nivelul SNC

- o reactie de hipersensibilitate initiata de un virus sau de o proteina straina organismului

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6
Q

MANIFESTARILE ENCEFALITEI

A
  • Disfunctii cerebrale extinse si grave
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7
Q

HEMORAGIILE CEREBRALE

A
  • Grup de afectiuni cerebrale
  • Afectiuni cu mortalitate ridicata si necesita urgente medico-chirurgicale
  • Chiar daca hemoragia cerebrala este oprita si sangele este drenat, pacientii pot ramane cu sechele neurologice mari
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8
Q

CAUZELE HEMORAGIILOR CEREBRALE

A
  • Sangerarea la nivelul tesutului cerebral, in spatiile epidural, subdural sau subarahnoidian
  • Traumatisme
  • Ruperea unui vas ATEROMATOS, la o persoana ce sufera de hipertensiune arteriala
  • Mult mai rar– ANEVRISM CONGENITAL sau MALFORMATII CONGENITALE
  • ANEVRISM — slabirea peretului unui vas de sange, care se inflameaza si se poate rupe, favorizand aparitia sangerarii
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9
Q

COMA

A
  • starea clinica a pacientului in care acesta nu poate fi trezit si nu raspunde la nici o categorie de stimuli
  • Aplicarea repetata a unor stimuli provoaca cel mult reflexe primitive de aparare.
  • Daca starea de coma este profunda atunci pot lipsi reflexe cu sediul in TRUNCHIUL CEREBRAL, cat si cele MIOTATICE
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10
Q

CAUZELE COMEI

A
  • Disfunctii la nivelul emisferelor cerebrale, diencefalului si a puntii
  • Hemoragiile cerebrale
  • Traumatismele cerebrale
  • Afectiuni cerebrale difuze sau metabolice
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11
Q

CONVULSIILE

A

De 2 tipuri

1) . IZOLATE SI NECURENTE - ( se intampla o singura data si nu se mai repeta)
2) . EPILEPSIA - boala cronica si recurenta

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12
Q

CAUZA CONVULSIILOR

A

Stimularea excesiva a celulei nervoase

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13
Q

MANIFESTARI 1).

A
  • Boli febrile

- Traumatisme craniene

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14
Q

MANIFESTARI 2).

A
ATACURI
- cu debut brusc
- cu pierderea constientei
cu activitate motorie necontrololata si caracteristica
- cu fenomene senzoriale
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