Bold Terms

Question 0

species

Answer 0

A group of organisms that look-alike and can interbreed under natural conditions to produce fertile offspring

Question 1

Binomial nomenclature

Answer 1

A method of naming organisms by using two names the genus name and the species name. scientific names are italicized.

Question 2

Taxa

Answer 2

Categories used to classify organisms

Question 3

Protista

Answer 3

The kingdom that used to be for unicellular organisms such as in amoeba. more recently multicellular algae have been added to the kingdom

Question 4

Mo era

Answer 4

In the five kingdoms system the kingdom that includes organisms that lack a true nucleus

Question 5

Archaebacteria

Answer 5

Their prokaryotic, their heterotrophs they live in Salt Lake’s, Hot Springs and animal guts

Question 6

Eubacteria

Answer 6

Simple organisms lacking nuclei, prokaryotic,either heterotrophs for autotrophs, all can reproduce asexually, they live nearly everywhere
Example bacteria and cyanobacteria

Question 7

Phylogeny

Answer 7

The history of the evolution of the species or group of organisms

Question 8

Fungi

Answer 8

Most are multicellular
all are heterotrophic
reproduce sexually and asexually
 most live on land 
they have a cell wall
 example is mushroom yeast and bread mold

Question 9

Plantae

Answer 9

All or multicellular
 all are autotrophs 
 reproduce sexually and asexually
 most live on land 
they have a cell wall
 example are mosses, ferns, and flowering plants

Question 10

Animalia

Answer 10

All are multicellular
 all are heterotrophs 
most reproduce sexually 
live in land and aquatic habitats 
they don't have a cell wall
 examples are sponges, worms,lobsters, starfish and humans

Question 11

Viruses

Answer 11

Microscopic particles capable of reproducing only with in living cells

Question 12

Capsid

Answer 12

The protective protein coat of viruses

Question 13

Bacteriophages

Answer 13

The category of viruses that infect and destroy bacterial cells

Question 14

Host range

Answer 14

The limited number of host species, tissues, or cells that a virus or other parasite can infect

Question 15

Lysis

Answer 15

The distraction or bursting open of the cell when invading virus replicates in a bacterium many viruses are released

Question 16

Lysogeny

Answer 16

The dormant state of a virus

Question 17

A.S.A.R

Answer 17

A- attachment
S- synthesis
A- Assembly
R- release

Question 18

Vaccines

Answer 18

Solutions that are prepared for viral components or inactivated viruses

Question 19

Examples of human viral diseases

Answer 19

Chickenpox, smallpox, measles, rabies, aids

Question 20

Gene therapy

Answer 20

When you remove the genes of a virus and insert normal ADA genes then you put it back into the cell the cell reproduces with the healthy genes

Question 21

Common characteristics of archaebacteria and eubacteria

Answer 21

All are single celled celled
contain no membrane-bound organelle
cells have a single chromosome
cells reproduce asexually by binary fission

Question 22

Obligate aerobes

Answer 22

Bacteria that require oxygen for respiration

Question 23

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 23

Bacteria that conduct restoration processes in the absence of oxygen

Question 24

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 24

Bacteria that prefer environments with oxygen but can live without oxygen

Question 25

Endospores

Answer 25

Dormant cells of a bacilli bacteria contain genetic material encapsulated by a thick resistant cell wall. these forms of cells develop when environmental conditions become unfavourable

Question 26

Harmful effects of bacteria examples

Answer 26

Clostridia- botulism, tetanus
Streptococci-strep throat, scarlet fever
Lactobacilli- spoiling of milk

Question 27

Antibiotics

Answer 27

Chemicals produced synthetically or by microorganisms that inhabit the growth or destroy certain other microorganisms

Question 28

Plant like protist

Answer 28

Euglenphyta- they live in freshwater, can take in solid food and reproduce asexually

Question 29

Chrysophyta (Golden brown algae and diatoms)

Answer 29

This group is found in both freshwater and saltwater
they contain chlorophyll and are autotroph’s
many are flagellated and encased in shells or skeletons
diatoms the most abundant plantlike protests are not flagellated but are encased into thin silica valves or shells joined together

Question 30

Phrrophyta (dinoflagellates)

Answer 30

Autotrophs contain chlorophyll and red pigment they’re important primary producers and a major component of the oceanic phytoplankton

Question 31

Chlorophyta (green algae)

Answer 31

Some are unicellular some multicellular
Live mainly in freshwater but also moist solids and tropical seas
they are autotrophs and contain the pigment chlorophyll and carotene

Question 32

Phaeophyta (brown algae)

Answer 32

Brown algae mainly live in colder seawater and include kelp and rockweed.
members of this phylum are multicellular autotrophic and contain the pigments chlorophyll and fucoxanthin

Question 33

Rhodophyta (red algae)

Answer 33

Some red Algae live in freshwater but most inhabit warmer seawater
these multicellular organisms include Dulce and Irish Moss
red algae are autotrophic and include various pigments of chlorophyll, carotene and phycobilin

Question 34

Animallike protests

Answer 34

K

Question 35

Cysts

Answer 35

Cells and have a hardened protective covering on top of the cell membrane

Question 36

Ectoplasm

Answer 36

I thin semirigid layer of the cytoplasm under the plasma membrane

Question 37

Endoplasm

Answer 37

The fluid part of the cytoplasm that fills the inside of the cell
the endoplasm is responsible for an amoeba shape as it moves