boilogy Flashcards
what does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
where is the cell stores DNA
nucleus
how many chromosomes are in DNA and how many pairs
46 chromosomes and 23 pairs of
what’s a gene
a section of DNA
what’s a chromosome complement
a specific number of chrimosome
what’s is the site of fertilisation
oviduct
what’s the shape of DNA
double helix
what’s is each strand made up of
sugar phosphate backbone
what are the four bases of dna called
guanine + cytosine. thymine + adenine
what can 3 ways DNA profiling be used for
identify DNA at crime scenes and paternity tests and diagnose an inherited disease
what is a microorganism
a very small living organism. they can’t be seen by the naked eye
what are the three types of microbes?
bacteria, fungi and viruses
can bacteria be good and bad
yes
can viruses be good and bad
no all bad
can fungi be good and bad
yes
what disease can bacteria cause
food poisoning and tonsillitis
what virus am can a virus cause
flu and measles
what diseases are caused by fungi
ring worm, athleates foot
what is used to treat bacteria
antibiotics
what are viruses treated with
vaccines
what is fungi treated with
anti fungals
what’s the smallest organism
virus
what’s aseptic
everything clean
what do microbes need to reproduce succefully
food supply, suitable temperature, suitable pH, oxygen and moisture
what’s are symptoms of a disease
fever, chills and congestion
how do pathogens spread
contact, air and body fluids
what’s the difference between a infection ans a diesease
an infection is when a microbe enters the body and multiplies. a disease is the damage a dies was caused to the body
what happens if your jody cannot fight off the infection
the pathogen will cause a dieseas
where do pathogens/microbes enter from
nose and mouth and cuts
what’s the body’s first line of defence
skin, mucus, tears and stomach acid
what’s the second line of defence
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platlets
what are the two white blood cells
phagocytes and lymphocites
what brings food to the baby/feotus
umbilical cord
where does fertilisation occur
oviduvt
what do platelets do
stop the bleeding
what are the two types of immunity
natural immunity and artificial immunity
what do vaccines contain
a dead or weakened version of the pathogen
what’s a memory cell
remembers how to fight off the pathogen if the body encounters it again
where does the feotus develop
uterus
what so the function of the ovaries
to store the eggs
what is the function of a sperm duct
carries sperm from testes to penis
what’s the cervix’s function
site of entry to uterus
what’s the amniotic sac
it surrounds the feotus and is filled with amniotic fluid and acts as a shock absorber protecting the baby
what’s should you not do if ur pregnant
don’t drink alcohol take drugs or smoke
what does enzyme do
kills microbes
what’s the placenta
an organ that allows blood supplies of the mother and feotus to come into contact with
