Boer War Flashcards
Why are heliographs so important?
heliographs were used to communicate more efficiently during the war.
give and example of when heliographs were used
Buller used them during black week while telling white to surrender, but the surrender never happened
who supplied the Boers with their weapons
Germany, friendly farms also supplied the weapons and ammunition
list some criteria for the boer war
motivation, success, equipment, attitude, training, supplies
what was the British opinion on the Boers
the British admired the boers because of their motivation and their instinctive fighting
what is a deal breaking criteria? (example)
Motivation
what style of fighting do the Boers use
Instinctive fighting, sneaky tactics, led by motivation
what year was Black week and the seiges
1899
name one historian that wrote a book on the Boer war
Thomas Peackenham
why did the Boers commit to their seiges
fully just to humiliate the British and to starve them in their own territories
what was Bullers plan A?
move his army as one big large fighting force to attack to Boers
what was Bullers plan B and why was he criticised
Buller split his army into 3 to take the three beseiged town
name the three seiges
margesfontein, stormberg, colenso
who does Buller accidently kill at Colenso
Roberts son
how did Roberts son die to Colenso?
went to go retrieve his weapon under Bullers instruction and was shot
how many was imprisoned at stormberg
600
how many died at Margersfontein
948
how did the Boers get alerted of the British presence
knocking over tin can traps
in defence of Buller, what was the map situation
Buller was given outdated maps, the river has also been forded so it was deeper than intended is men drowned
what is in Ladysmith that needed to be protected
lots and lots of british guns and british inhabitants
how many British died at Colenso
1,138
how many Boers were injured during Colseno
only 7 injured
what was the intention of Spoin Kop
to restore his reputation
what was the Boer war an early example of
Early trench warfare
what were the British infantry often referred to as
Tommy Atkins
defence of buller
out of date maps, outnumbered and not enough men, not enough resources, not enough training
who does Roberts appoint as his scout
Frederick Vernon
how did roberts change as tactics
easy wins whenever he can to help demoralise the Boers, the reverse of WWI
who was put in support of the supply chains
Kitchener
how was Roberts critized?
roberts used to underfeed his men, he also had many diseased men, scorched earth policy
what did Roberts have that Buller didnt
armoured trains, more troops that were better trained, better supply lines, better recon, kitchener as a support
what did baden powel do to deceive the Boers
fake land mines, fake guns, moving the cannons to make it seem that they have ore weapons than they actually do, send an armoured train and run over the Boers, use the African public as an accessory which helped gain troop numbers.
who created scorched earth policy
Roberts
who was critical of Roberts
Kitchener, this is because he took home lots of men and the war wasnt over
what did Roberts assume phase 3 is
Just mopping up the rest of the Boer population, admin
what is kitchener overly good at
admin and control of troops
what happened at Paardeberg
Kitchener was in charge, it goes horribly wrong and there was embarrassing large losses and Roberts has to take over eventhough he was deathly ill
in phase 3, how did the boers supply their weapons
local population
what happened in phase 3 that was a moral dilema
scorched earth, the first concentration camps that killed thousands of civilians
what were kitcheners three policies
blockhouses, scorched earth, concentration camps
how did kitchener justify scorched earth
he states that the civilian population are the ones providing the weapons so they are also roles in this war, they have more and he had to take care of the situation
sophies levisuer’s argument
it was right to round up and kill the boer population because they were helping the war
what was cambell bannermans opinion on the concentration camps
it changed him to being antiwar (LIMPS change their opinions)
did MPs change tehir opinions because of the camps
Yes, not even conservative MPs agreed with the Briish camps
name one report that has changed the view point on the war
Emily Hobbhouse report (manchester guardian)
were blockhouses effective
yes, probably the least ethically debatable, they managed to entrap the Boers. but this was very men heavy which lead less men to being in the camps
support for the Boer war criteria
demographics, long term impacts, geographics
who was braker-morant?
he was a Australian soldier who got executed for killing Boer civilians. which was a suspicious situation
who was Bertha Synge
she was a good reflection upon the war, despite hearing the news
which newspaper is never supportive of the war
the manchester guardian
what do you call extreme nationalism
jingoism
why are the daily mail and the daily express widening the demographic?
they were the first newspaper to have images, like a modern tabloid which helps widen demographics to the middle class
what was churchills view on the war
churchill was proud of the army and how hard they were working, but he was a soldier and he ultimately had a respect for the Boers
what was the political response of the war
originally: very supportive
end of the war: having a ‘stop the war committee’ which show the sever lack of support
what was Emily Hobhouses initial mission
her initial mission was to see and visit the camps to just hand out sanitary items but found the horrid camp conditions
what was the death rates of the of the camps by the end of the war
the death rates were 2% (less than the average dates in glasgow)
