Bodys Defenses Against Infection Flashcards
How does skin protect patient from infection?
1st line of defense
Intact skin provides protective barrier
How does mucous membranes protect the patient from infection?
Secretes mucus for protection; keep mucous membranes moist
How does cilia in the respiratory tract protect patient from infection?
Prevents particulates from entering the body
How does natural GI flora protect the patient from infection?
Limits overgrowth of other bacteria
How does vaginal pH protects the patient from infection?
Inhibits growth
What is nonspecific immunity?
Neutrophils and macrophages (wbc) act as phagocytes. Does not attack a certain antigen.
What is specific immunity?
Antibodies and lymphocytes.
Tailored toward particular types of invaders
What infectious factors influence inflammatory response?
Virus, bacteria, fungi (other microorganisms)
What noninfectious factor trigger inflammatory response?
physical (burns, frostbite, injury,foreign bodies, trauma, radiation)
chemical (glucose, fatty acids, toxins, alcohol, irritants) biological (damaged cells)
psychological (excitement)
1st step of inflammatory process is…
Recognize harmful stimuli by pattern receptors
2nd step of inflammatory process…
Activation of inflammatory pathway
3rd step of the inflammatory process
Release of inflammatory mediators
4th step of inflammatory process
Recruitment of inflammatory cells
The first sign of a local infection are
Redness (dilation of arterioles)
Warmth, edema, pain, loss of use
Second stage of a local inflammatory response
Exudate formation-fluid contains dead tissue cells and WBCs drains into lymph system
