Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Maya's Yr 9 EXAM PREP > Body Systems - health > Flashcards

Body Systems - health Flashcards

1
Q

how many vertebrae in the cervical region

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many vertebrae in the thoracic region

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many vertebrae in the lumbar region

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many vertebrae in the sacrum region

A

5 fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many vertebrae in the coccyx region

A

4 fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe movement (1st function)

A

when a muscle contracts, it pulls connected bones which create movement. all bones are attatched to muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe support and protection (2nd function)

A

supports organs against gravity and projects major organs e.g cranium –> brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe mineral storage (3rd function)

A

bones are a calcium storage site, because it cannot be produced by the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe production of blood cells (4th function)

A

red and white blood cells are produced by the bone marrow, whihc is the centre of the bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name the 4 functions of the skeletal system

A

movement, support and protection, mineral storage, production of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe red blood cells

A

carries oxygen to the muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe white blood cells

A

fights infection in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

list the three functions of the muscular system

A

creates movement, posture, bodily functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe ‘creates movement’ (1st function)

A

all voluntary muscles are attatched to bones, the CNS sends a message to the relevant muslce to initiate movement . when one muscle contracts, the other relaxes. this is known as the antagonist/agonist relationship.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe “posture” (2nd function)

A

muscles are in a constant state of tension, which allows our body to stay upright when awake.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe “bodily functions” (3rd function)

A

involuntary muscles are constantly funcitoning to help us live. one example is the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are ligaments

A

fibrous tissue which connects bone to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are tendons

A

tough bands of connective tissue that connect muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is it called when two muscles work together

A

reciprocal inhibition

20
Q

what is the agonist

A

the muscle that contracts (shortens)

21
Q

what is the antagonist

A

the muscle that relaxes (lengthens)

22
Q

define extension

A

extension is movement that increases the angle between two body parts

23
Q

define flexion

A

flexion is movement that decreases the angle between the bones at a joint

24
Q

when touching your toes, what is the antagonist, agonist, and the bone beign moved?

A

agonist: abdominals
antagonist: erector spinae
bone being moved: vertebrae (spine)

25
Q

define the cardiovascular system

A

the cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels working together to transport gases and nutrients around the body.

26
Q

name the four functions of the cardiovascular system

A

circulate blood, transport oxygen and nutrients to cells, transports waste away from cells, maintains stable body temperature

27
Q

heart rate is defined as:

A

the number of times your heart beats per minute

28
Q

list factors that influence heart rate

A

higher heartrate- more active, younger, fear
lower heartrate- older, genetics, food, blood clots

29
Q

describe the effect of excercise on heart rate

A

higher intensity equals higher heart rate

30
Q

what type of blood does the right side of hte heart transport?

A

deoxygenated blood

31
Q

where does the right side of the heart pump blood to?

A

transports blood to the lungs

32
Q

what type of blood does the left side of the heart transport?

A

transports oxygenated blood

33
Q

where does teh left side of the heart pump blood to?

A

to the brain and body

34
Q

describe an artery

A

elastic material to accomodate more volume. largest blood vessel, carries oxygen rich blood from the heart to the body

35
Q

describe capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels, once cell thin, where the nutrients and waste are exchanged between blood and body cells

36
Q

describe veins

A

walls are thin but not as elastic as the arteries, carries lower oxygen blood and high carbon dioxide content back to the heart

37
Q

how do valves support the work of veins?

A

the valves prevent blood form flowing the wrong way, acting as gates

38
Q

why is the muscle wall of the left ventricle much thicker than the right ventricle?

A

because the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the entire body

39
Q

summarise the pathway of blood

A

right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava, blood moves from the right atrium into the right ventricle. the right ventricle pumps blood through the pulmonary artery into the lungs. at the lungs, carbon dioxide is removed and oxygen is added. this blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein into the left atrium. blood goes to the left ventricle and the blood is pumped through the aorta to the body. oxygenated blood is transported around the body delivering oxygen and nutrients to the bodies cells. the blood is now deoxygenated and the cycle starts again

40
Q

name five functions of the respiratory system

A

brings air into lungs, transfers oxygen to blood, removes carbon dioxide from blood, expels heat, and allows vocal chords to create speech.

41
Q

name the stages of breathing

A

inspiration and expiration

42
Q

describe what happens during inspiration

A

air is moving into the lungs, diaphragm contracts and moves down, intercostal muscles contract, chest cavity size increases, lung pressure decreases

43
Q

describe what happens during expiration

A

air is moving out of the lungs, diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards, intercostal muslces relax, chest cavity size decreases and lung pressure increases.

44
Q

where are the intercostal muslces located?

A

in between our ribs

45
Q

define gaseous exchange, and where does it happen in the body

A

the process where gases cross surface without the use of energy, occurs between the lungs and capillaries.

46
Q

describe where gases move to in gaseous exchange

A

carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries to the lungs (expelled via exhalation), and oxygen moves from the lungs into the capillaries (inhaled via inspiration)

47
Q

what does ATP and ADP stand for

A

ATP: adenosine triphosphate
ADP: adenosine diphosphate

Maya's Yr 9 EXAM PREP (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions