Body Systems Flashcards
How is life demonstrated? (MRS GREN)
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition.
What is an endothermic animal?
An endothermic animal is a warm blooded animal that needs a lot of food to stay warm.
What is an exothermic animal?
An exothermic animal is a cold blooded animal that metabolise (process food) at the temperature of the environment and require little food to stay alive.
What happens to the Sa:V ratio as the cell increases in size?
It Decreases
Why is there a limit on cell size?
Because if it gets to big it can’t supply its nutrients.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration in a free state.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration.
Why can’t salt undergo osmosis?
Because it can’t fit though a semi permeable membrane.
What is the role of the Digestive System?
Ingests and breaks down food so that can be absorbed by the body. (Provides Nutrients)
What is the role of the Urinary System?
Eliminates waste liquid wastes and maintains water balance.
What is the role of the Respiratory System?
To supply oxygen, eliminate carbon dioxide and supply blood with oxygen.
What is the role of the Skeletal System?
Provides mechanical support for the body and produces red blood cells.
What is the role of the Muscular System?
Enables movement, posture and balance.
What is the role of the Integumentary System?
Protects body from environment, injury and infection. (Hair, Nails, Skin)
What is the role of the Cardiovascular System?
Enables the transport of nutrients, gases, nutrients hormones to and from cells of the body.
What is the role of the Endocrine System?
Secretes Hormones into bloodstreams for regulation of body activities.
What is the role of Nervous System?
It is Responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts.
What is the role of Lymphatic System?
Protects against infections.
What is homeostasis?
Homeostasis is the maintenance of organisms internal conditions to remain healthy and functioning regardless of external conditions. E.g The maintenance of a steady body temperature in warm blooded animals is an example of Homeostasis.
Where do muscles receive their energy?
Adenosine Trisphosphate or ATP
What are the 3 layers of skin?
The Epidermis, Dermis and Subcutaneous Layer.
What are the components of a Neuron?
Dendrites, Axon, Axon Terminal, Cell Body, nucleus and myelin Sheath.
What is the direction of blood flow in humans?
Heart- Lungs- Heart-Leg-Heart
How could you best describe a hormone?
A chemical message that brings about a message
What limits the size of a cell?
The Surface Area to Volume ratio because the surface area grows slower than the volume, therefore making It hard for nutrients to quickly enter the cell.
What 2 body systems do we need for homeostasis?
Nervous and Endocrine System
What do hormones do?
They regulate mood, impact growth and development, sexual function, etc…
What does myelin sheath do within a neuron?
The myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. It also protects the nerves from other electrical impulses.
What is a synapse and what does it do?
a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron
What does the Frontal Lobe do in the brain?
Controls Attenion, Planning and decision making.
What does the Motor Cortex do in the brain?
Controls Movement
What dos the Parietal Lobe do in the brain?
Interpret sensory information
What does the occipital lobe do in the brain?
Controls Vision
What does the Cerebellum do in the Brain?
Coordinates muscle movement
What does the Temporal Lobe do in the Brain?
Controls Memory
What do the arteries do?
The Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the brain and are RED.
What do veins do?
Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
