Body Systems Flashcards
Why do cells require energy?
They require energy to carry out the common metabolic process that will keep them alive (e.g. maintenance of internal cell pH for cell enzyme function), and to perform their specific functions (e.g. cardiac muscle cell contraction to make the heart pump).
What is most basic structural unit of the human body?
Cells are the most basic structure unit.
What is the cellular currency of energy?
ATP is he cellular currency as they use it to undertake their specific functions.
How do we obtain ATP and where would we source it from?
Oxygen and nutrient molecules like glucose most be obtained through food, and of course respiration.
What are the four basic tissue types of the human body?
Muscle, epithelia, nervous and connective tissue.
What do the four basic tissue types form?
They form organs.
What is meant by the term organ?
It is a group of tissues acting together to perform a specific function.
What do organs form?
They form systems.
What is a system?
A system is a collection of organs that have a related function and work together to carry out a common goal.
What is every goal of each system essential for?
They are all essential for survival.
How do we get nutrients into our blood?
The gastrointestinal system.
Once large molecules are digested into smaller ones, what absorbs them?
The veins and lymphatic system of the small intestine absorb the digested molecules.
After the venous blood has absorbed digested molecules at the small intestine, where does it drain to?
It drains to the liver first.
What does the liver do with the venous blood that arrives from the small intestine?
The liver stores some nutrients, makes products from them, or returns them into the venous system.
What is the role of the liver within the GI tract?
The liver can metabolise/detoxify potentially harmful substances absorbed from the GI tract putting (partially) ‘cleaned’ blood back into the blood.
