Body Systems

Question 1

what are the three main sources of energy?

Answer 1

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Question 2

what are the two types of digestion

Answer 2

mechanical digestion and chemical digestion

Question 3

mechanical digestion vs. chemical digestion

Answer 3

mechanical digestion involves physical breakdown of food (teeth) chemical digestion uses chemicals (enzymes) to break down food (acids)

Question 4

what is peristalsis?

Answer 4

the muscle contraction to squeeze your food down into your stomach

Question 5

what is the epiglottis?

Answer 5

a flap at the back of your throat that opens when you swallow food

Question 6

what is happening when you choke?

Answer 6

you’ve swallowed food down your windpipe instead of the esophagus

Question 7

what is gastric juice composed of?

Answer 7

mucus, hydrochloric acid, water and digestive enzymes.

Question 8

why is there mucus in your stomach?

Answer 8

to prevent the gastric juices from digesting the stomach

Question 9

what are the villi?

Answer 9

small finger like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine to aid absorbing nutrients

Question 10

how does the liver and gall bladder contribute to digestion?

Answer 10

the liver produces bile which is stored in the gall bladder. this bile breaks down lipids into smaller droplets

Question 11

how does the pancreas contribute to digestion?

Answer 11

it creates enzymes that sends to the small intestine break down starches and proteins

Question 12

what does the large intestine do?

Answer 12

absorbs water.

Question 13

what happens when you inhale?

Answer 13

muscles of the ribcage contract, pushing diaphragm muscles down, inflating lungs.

Question 14

what is a bronchi?

Answer 14

tube-like passage ways.

Question 15

why are the bronchi lined with tough connective tissues?

Answer 15

to keep the walls from collapsing.

Question 16

what is the diffusion process with the alveoli?

Answer 16

oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses back in alveoli to be breathed out

Question 17

what does the right atrium do?

Answer 17

receives blood low in oxygen and pumps into right ventricle.

Question 18

what does the left atrium do?

Answer 18

receives oxygen rich blood from lungs and pumps in left ventricle

Question 19

what is the main artery that pumps blood to the body?

Answer 19

aorta

Question 20

arteries vs. veins

Answer 20

arteries carry blood away from the heart

veins carry blood back to the right atrium

Question 21

what does your blood consist of?

Answer 21

red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma

Question 22

what cells are responsible for fighting off infections?

Answer 22

white blood cells and platelets

Question 23

what is the main purpose of a platelet?

Answer 23

to stop a cut from bleeding

Question 24

what does excretion mean?

Answer 24

the job of waste removal

Question 25

what role does the liver play in the excretory system?

Answer 25

converts ammonia into urea

Question 26

what is a kidney?

Answer 26

main organs of excretion. filters of the blood

Question 27

why does your sweat taste salty?

Answer 27

your blood has salt so it excretes when you sweat

Question 28

what’s a neuron?

Answer 28

a specialized cell.

Question 29

what is the job of a dendrite?

Answer 29

small branches of the cell that detect things

Question 30

what is the job of a axon?

Answer 30

long extension and passes the message along

Question 31

what is the central nervous system?

Answer 31

composed of brain and spinal cord.

Question 32

what is the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 32

head and spinal nerves that are everywhere in your body

Question 33

motor neuron vs. sensory neuron.

Answer 33

the sensory neuron detects touch, sight, hear, taste and smell. the motor neurons send stimulus’ responses

Question 34

what is the purpose of the digestive system?

Answer 34

obtain energy and nutrients