Body Systems Flashcards
What is the pigment that gives hair and skin its color?
Melanin
What are the three layers of the skin in order?
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis
Which layer provides the epidermis with all of it’s nutrients?
The dermis
What do the sweat glands excrete?
Sweat, oil, heat, etc.
What do Sebaceous glands in the skin produce?
Sebum which waterproofs the skin and hair.
Largest organ in body?
Skin
What’s the worst classification of a burn?
3rd Degree
Epidermis is made of what
Keratin
Regulates body temperature - capillaries dilate, blood flow increases & body heat is lost by radiation; works in reverse when cold; evaporation due to sweat. Serves as protective layer and sense organ
Major function of skin
What cells are the epidermis made of?
Dead & Living
What’s the outermost layer of skin?
Epidermis
A burn that involves the entire epidermis and some of the dermis is a?
2nd Degree Burns
What are the three types of muscle? And which are striated muscles?
Cardiac, Smooth, and Skeletal. Striated looks like they are striped so cardiac,and skeletal.
what is the difference between the Axial and Appendicular Skeleton? What are the major parts of each?
Axial skeleton – the skull and
bones that support–Vertebral column, ribs & sternum
Appendicular skeleton – bones of the arms & legs & structures
What proteins help with muscle contraction?
Actin & Myosin
What is the Sliding Filament Theory?
The sliding filament theory is the explanation for how muscles produce force (or, usually, shorten). It explains that the thick and thin filaments within the sarcomere slide past one another, shortening the entire length of the sarcomere.
What are the types of joints? What joint gives the greatest range of motion?
Ball & Socket, Hinge, Gliding, Pivot, Fixed.
Ball & Socket allows greatest range of motion
What does muscle fatigue do to your muscles
Strips them of there oxygen supply
what is the relationship between muscles and the skeleton?
Movement. It provides a mechanism for moving the skeletal system
Helps protect and support skeletal
what do tendons attach to?
Attaches muscle to bone.
why does Latic acid form?
Muscles soreness
what do our bones start out as?
Cartilage
Which protein makes up thick filaments
Myosin
Which proteins make up thin filament
Actin
Which muscles are voluntary? Which are involuntary
Skeletal = Voluntary Smooth= Involuntary Cardiac= Involuntary
What are tendons?
A fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
What are the two main functions of the skeletal system?
Movement & support body
Where does the blood enter the heart from the body?
Right atrium
What clots blood
Platelet
Functions of spleen
The spleen plays multiple supporting roles in the body. It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system. Old red blood cells are recycled in the spleen, and platelets and white blood cells are stored there. The spleen also helps fight certain kinds of bacteria that cause pneumonia and meningitis.
Functions of lymphatic system
Send white blood cells throughout body, transport lymph, and filters blood
What is the myocardium
The muscular tissue of the heart
Functions of Arteries
Carry blood away from the heart
What is blood pressure?
the pressure of the blood in the circulatory system, often measured for diagnosis since it is closely related to the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls.
What are the two main body systems that interact with the lymphatic system?
Immune and Circulatory
Functions of valves
Open and close as the heart contracts letting blood flow into ventricals and atria
What plays the biggest part in the circulatory system
Heart and lungs
What components is your blood made out of?
Plasma, platelets, white blood cells, and red
What is the difference between diastolic and systolic?
The top number is the maximum pressure your heart exerts while beating (systolic pressure), and the bottom number is the amount of pressure in your arteries between beats (diastolic pressure).
What are lymphatic capillaries
Lymph capillaries or lymphatic capillaries are tiny, thin-walled vessels located in the spaces between cells (except in the central nervous system and non-vascular tissues) which serve to drain and process extra-cellular fluid.
What is lymph?
a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, that bathes the tissues and drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream.