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Body systems > Body systems > Flashcards

Body systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 functions of the Respiratory system?

A
  1. Breath in air from the Environment
  2. Transfer Oxygen in the Blood
  3. Remove Carbon-Dioxide from the blood
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2
Q

What is inspiration?

A

Inhalation, Diaphragm contracts & flattens to make the chest cavity bigger.

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3
Q

What is Expiration

A

Exhalation, Diaphragm relaxes to make the chest cavity smaller.

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4
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into right and left sides.

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5
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body into front and back.

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6
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into top and bottom sections.

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7
Q

Superior

A

Above another structure

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8
Q

Inferior

A

Below another structure

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9
Q

Anterior

A

The front of the structure or body

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10
Q

Posterior

A

The back of the structure or body

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11
Q

Lateral

A

Further from the midline of the body

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12
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline of the body

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the trunk

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14
Q

Distal

A

Further from the trunk

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15
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the skin surface

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16
Q

Deep

A

Further from the skin surface

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17
Q

Functions of Skeleton

A
  • Shape
  • Movement
  • Protection
  • Blood Production
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18
Q

Sections of Vertebrae and how many

A
  • Cervical (7)
  • Thoracic (12)
  • Lumbar (5)
  • Sacrum (5) and Coccyx (4)
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19
Q

Short bones

A

Carpels, Tarsals

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20
Q

Long bones

A

Femur, Humorous, Phalanges, Radius, Ulna, Tibia, Fibula

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21
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae, Mandible

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22
Q

Seasmoid bones

A

Patella

23
Q

Flat bones

A

Ribs, Sternum, Scapula, Cranium

24
Q

Types of joints + what they do

A

Fibrous- Immovable e.g Skull
Cartilaginous- Partially Moveable e.g ribs
Synovial- Freely Moveable e.g patella

25
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

-Ball and socket
-Hinge

26
Q

Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion - forwards
Extension - Backwards

27
Q

Abduction/Adduction

A

Abduction - away from the body
Adduction - towards the body

28
Q

Rotation

A

Rotating the body part towards or away from the body

29
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving the body part in a circular motion

30
Q

Dorsi/Plantar Flexion

A

Dorsi - Foot up
Plantar - Foot down

31
Q

Functions of the Muscular System

A
  • Movement/Posture
  • Breathing, Heart, Circulation
  • Digestion
32
Q

Types of muscles + Define

A

Smooth - Found in internal organs, involuntary e.g liver, stomach
Cardiac - Found in heart, involuntary
Voluntary - skeletal muscles, e.g biceps

33
Q

Origin/insertion

A

Origin- Doesn’t move during contraction
Insertion - Does move during contraction

34
Q

Agonist

A

The muscle responsible for the movement

35
Q

Antagonist

A

The muscles that relaxes for the movement

36
Q

Muscle fibers

A

Slow twitch - long distance
Fast twitch - sprint

37
Q

Reciprocal inhibition

A

relaxing of muscles on one side of a joint toaccommodate contraction on the other side of that joint.

38
Q

Fusiform Muscles

A
  • long and thin
  • can contract rapidly but produce low forces.
    e.g biceps
39
Q

Pennate muscles

A

Unipennate - Fibres on one side of a tendon
Bipennate - Fibres on both sides of a tendon.
Multipennate - Fibres branch out from a number of tendons.

40
Q

Roles of Cardiovascular system

A
  • Temp regulation
  • Protection
  • Transport of waste blood and nutrients
41
Q

Pulmonary circuit

A

heart to lungs and back

42
Q

Systemic circuit

A

heart to body and back

43
Q

Arteries

A

Transport blood away from the heart

44
Q

Veins

A

return blood back to the heart

45
Q

Capillaries

A

surround body cells and absorb nutrients

46
Q

Blood

A

Transport, protection, temp regulation

47
Q

Plasma

A

carries nutrients, hormones and proteins around the body

48
Q

White blood cells

A

help fight infection and disease

49
Q

Red blood cells

A

Deliver oxygen around the body

50
Q

Platelets

A

help to clot the blood

51
Q

Cardiac output

A
52
Q

Stroke volume

A
53
Q

Heart rate

A
  • calculated in BPM
54
Q
A

Body systems (1 decks)

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