Body systems

Question 1

I identify what carries messages in the nervous and endocrine system

Answer 1

Nervous= electrical signals and endocrine=chemical signals/hormones

Question 2

Identify two body systems that deliver messages around the body

Answer 2

Nervous and endocrine system

Question 3

Outline the role of the Schwann cells/mylin sheath

Answer 3

The mylin sheath insulates the axon to allow electrical signals to travel faster

Question 4

Flow chart of the stimulus response pathway

Answer 4

Receptor➡️ sensory neuro ➡️spinal cord➡️brain➡️motor neuron ➡️effector➡️response

Question 5

Flow chart of stimulus response pathway in a reflex arc

Answer 5

Receptor ➡️ sensory neuron➡️ spinal cord ➡️motor neuron➡️ effector➡️ response

Question 6

Explain why it is important for the body to have a reflex arc for certain stimuli

Answer 6

It is fast because it skips the brain. It is important to Reduce damage caused to a person in a dangerous situation. An example is touching a boiling hot kettle and quickly removing your hand

Question 7

Pathogen

Answer 7

Things which enter the body and causes infectious disease

Question 8

Antigen

Answer 8

a maken on the outside of a pathogen that your body regards as being foreign

Question 9

Antibody

Answer 9

Proteins your body creates in response to an antigen

Question 10

Phagocyte

Answer 10

A type of white blood cell which can eat and destroy pathogens

Question 11

What’s the 1st line of defence

Answer 11

The immune system which is a natural barrier. Natural barriers include mucus membrane, skin,hair or chemical barriers.

Question 12

What does the 1st line of defence aim to do

Answer 12

To block pathogens from entering the body

Question 13

2nd line of defence

Answer 13

Once the pathogen has entered the body it is non-specific

Question 14

What does the body do in 2nd line of defence

Answer 14

Causes inflammation and fever, phagocytosis

Question 15

3rd line of defence

Answer 15

Is a specific response to certain antigens

Question 16

What does the body do in 3rd line of defence

Answer 16

Makes memory B cells and killer T cells to kill pathogens

Question 17

How are infectious diseases transmitted?

Answer 17

Infectious diseases are transmitted from person-to-person through the transfer of a pathogen such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites.

Question 18

What causes non-infectious diseases?

Answer 18

Non-infectious diseases are caused by genetics, anatomical differences, aging, and environmental factors.