Body systems Flashcards
sWhat are the 8 main parts of the human eye?
Cornea, Fovea, Iris, Lens, Macula, Optic nerve, Pupil and retina.
What is a blind spot?
The blind spot is were the retina and optic nerve connects.
What is colour blindness?
Colour blindness is where you don’t see colors in the traditional way because some cones are missing.
What’s the structure of the human eye?
The eye is made up of three coats, which enclose the optically clear aqueous humour, lens, and vitreous body.
How does the nervous system send communication to the body?
The nervous system uses tiny cells called neurons to send messages to the rest of the body.
What’s the difference between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system?
The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system consists of everything else.
What part of the brain responsible for coordination, intellectual and involuntary functions?
The cerebellum
How do we detect changes in our environment?
Receptors are groups of specialised cells. They detect a change in the environment stimulus.
What are two parts of the nervous system?
The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
What is the structure of the neuron?
the main parts are dendrites, an axon, and a cell body or soma.
What is the difference between sensory nerves and motor nerves?
Sensory nerves carry signals to your brain to help you touch, taste, smell and see. Motor nerves carry signals to your muscles or glands to help you move and function.
What is the synapse?
The places where neurons connect and communicate with each other are called synapses.
What is the neurotransmitter?
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that your body can’t function without. Their job is to carry chemical signals from one neuron to another.
What is a reflex arc?
A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex.
What’s the structure of the brain?
The forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain.
How does the endocrine system enable slow communication in the body?
From the blood stream, the hormones communicate with the body by heading towards their target cell to bring about a particular change or effect to that cell.
What are human features controlled by hormones?
Mood, growth and development
What are the glands that produce insulin and adrenaline?
The centre of the adrenal gland (adrenal medulla)
What organs do the adrenal glands target?
One of its target organs is the heart.
How do we use the negative feedback?
A negative feedback loop occurs in biology when the product of a reaction leads to a decrease in that reaction.
How does the nervous system and endocrine system interact to produce the “fight or flight” response?
When a threat is perceived, the sympathetic nerve fibres of the autonomic nervous system are activated. This leads to the release of certain hormones from the endocrine system.
Describe how our bodies protect themselves against disease
The immune system makes antibodies and uses them to specifically fight certain germs that the body has previously come into contact with.
Describe methods of artificial protection from disease
Giving a person an injection or transfusion of antibodies made by someone else.
Whats the impact of some non-infectious diseases on the body?
These conditions affect your blood vessels and heart. They include coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.
What are pathogens?
Pathogens affect all living organisms and cause illness to humans in a variety of different ways.
What are some cultural practices used by Aboriginal people to manage ecosystems sustainably?
Using traditional burning, fishing traps, and sowing and storing plants.
