BODY SYSTEMS

Question 1

What is the digestive system

Answer 1

Converts food we eat into the simplest form like glucose and to extract wast e products

Question 2

what is respiratory system

Answer 2

The respiratory system takes up oxygen from the air we breathe and expels the unwanted carbon dioxide.

Question 3

What is excretory system

Answer 3

The function of the excretory system to remove wastes from the body.

Question 4

immune system

Answer 4

The immune system recognises invaders like bacteria, viruses and fungi. Organs, cells and protein help defend against these things

Question 5

Circulatory system

Answer 5

The Circulatory system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away waste.

Question 6

Nervous system

Answer 6

The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. It controls what you think and feel and what your body does.

Question 7

Pathogen

Answer 7

A pathogen is a organism causing disease to the host and is a disease producing organism.

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

Any self regulating process which an organism tends to maintain stability while adjusting to conditions that are best fit for survival. It involves three parts the receptor, control centre and the effector.

Question 9

Stimulus

Answer 9

A stimulus is a chemical or physical change in the environment that triggers behavioural change in a living organism.

Question 10

Example of Stimulus

Answer 10

It is hot outside and the skin [receptor] goes to sensory neuron and the receptor send message to brain to cool off.

Question 11

Negative feedback loop

Answer 11

A biological response which the effects of a reaction slow or stop the reaction.

Question 12

Respiratory/Circulatory

Answer 12

-Provide cells with oxygen for energy.
-Remove carbon dioxide.
-Respiratory system inhales and exhales oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 13

Example of Pathogen

Answer 13

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites and worms.

Question 14

diseases/illness pathogen can cause

Answer 14

Common cold, flu, sore throat and ringworm

Question 15

Non-infection and infectious diseases

Answer 15

Non-infectious diseases can not be spread from one person to another/not contagious like obesity.

Infectious disease can be contagious and are caused by pathogens. Tapeworms, lice, fungi and bacteria.

Question 16

1st line of defence

Answer 16

1 st line of defence is designed to prevent the entry of invading pathogen. This defence is physical barrier like sin, cough, sneezing and nasal hairs. Chemical barriers 1st line of defence like saliva, tears and stomach acid.

Question 17

2nd line of defence

Answer 17

If pathogens get through 1st line 2nd line comes into play. If you have a cut and it gets infected the area becomes red, warm and swollen. The redness caused by increased blood flow to the area is a sign your second line of defence is triggered.

Question 18

3rd line of defence

Answer 18

The Lymphatic system is 3rd line of defence and contains Lymph vessels, Lymph nodes and white blood cells. Once Lymphocytes are triggered your B lymphocytes divide into plasma cells and produce antibodies. They help destruct the invading pathogen.

Question 19

Passive immunity

Answer 19

Receiving antibodies from an outside source is passive immunity. It means you don’t have memory cells for the infection so you can get the infection and it will be same as the first time.

Question 20

Active Immunity

Answer 20

If your body makes antibodies to a specific antigen this is active immunity. Memory cells in your body remember the antigen and can make antibodies specific to the antigen.

Question 21

Difference between nervous and endocrine system.

Answer 21

-Endocrine system uses chemical signalling and the nervous system uses electrical signalling.
-Nervous system signalling is fast. While endocrine system signal transmission is slow.
-Nervous system effect is localised and endocrine system effect is widespread.

Question 22

Similarities between nervous and endocrine

Answer 22

-They provide the body with ways to communicate to internal and external environments to provide responses.
-Both help maintain homeostasis.
-Both react to stimuli.

Question 23

Positive feedback loop

Answer 23

In a positive feedback loop feedback serves to identify a response until an endpoint is reached. Example of process by positive feedback in the body is blood clotting or child birth.