Body systems Flashcards
Infectious diseases:
caused by pathogens (fungi,bacteria), contagious
Noninfectious diseases:
are not caused by pathogens, received from genes, lifestyle, health, or malnutrition (i.e cancer, diabetes). They are not contagious
The first line of defense:
Prevention. Physical/Chemical barriers. Includes urine, saliva, snot, mucus, stomach acid.
The second line of defense:
Defense. The general response to infection. Includes fever, inflammation and phagocytes (phagocytes are cells that sacrifice themselves as they engulf the antigens within them, and form as pus).
The third line of defense:
Attack. Specific response to infection.
Immune cells target specific antigens
T cells identify pathogenic cells and destroy the targeted cells
B cells produce antibodies that adapt to antibodies on antigen
B cells’ antibodies fight off pathogenic cells
B cells remember the infectious cells for the future.
Outbreak
Sudden rise in numbers (in specific areas)
Endemic
Consistently present over a period of time, but only limited to specific area.
Epidemic
Widespread of a disease to an entire community/area
Pandemic
Large growth rate of a disease, affecting large-scale areas such as worldwide.
Who created the Vaccine? Why?
Edward Jenner, he noticed milkmaids were not harmed by smallpox because their body was used to a similar infection (cowpox), he experimented with cowpox to prevent smallpox.
Unicellular
Only having one cell
Multicellular
Having multiple cells
Stimuli
something which evokes a reaction, and sends it to receptors.
What are all the receptors
Chemoreceptors -Taste, smell
Photoreceptors -Sight
Mechanoreceptors -Hearing
Thermoreceptors -Temperature
Pain receptors -Pain
2 main parts of the nervous system are
CNS (central) and PNS (peripheral)
