Body system basics Flashcards
anatomy
The study of the body structures and the complex interaction between all body systems
pathology
The study abnormalities within the body that cause disease or illness and how the body functions are affected
physiology
The study determining how body systems work individually and the relationships between systems that maintain life
homeostasis
A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly.
cells
the smallest functional units of the human body
tissues
large numbers of the same cell grouped together to perfrom one specific function
4 types:
- connective
- epithelial
- muscle
- nervous
body cavities
cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic
planes of body
sagittal, coronal, transverse
membranes
epithelial, mucous, serous, synovial
fluid balance
human body is 60% fluid, is intracellular and extracellular
role of water
- transport
- absorption
- excretion
buffers
act to neutralize any changes in pH in the body
connective tissue
role: transport, protection, structural support, insulate
e.g - cartlidge, bone, blood
epithelial tissue
role: protection, excretion, absorption
several types:
- simple epithelium
- squamous
- cuboidal
- columnar
- stratified epithelium
e.g - sweat glands, lining of intestines, outer layer of skin (epidermis)
muscle tissue
