Body structure, and key terms Flashcards by Rosa Vazquez Palomera

This Structural component of the nucleus, composed of nucleic acids and proteins
& condenses to form ________ during cell division.

Chromatin
Chromosomes

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Threadlike structures within the nucleus composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that carries hereditary information encoded in genes
Each sperm or egg has ____________. After fertilization, each cell of the embryo then has ____ chromosomes (____ pairs). In each pair of chromosomes, one chromosome is provided by the father and the other by the mother.

Chromosome
23 unpaired chromosomes
46, 23

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A Molecule that holds genetic information capable of replicating and producing an exact copy whenever the cell _______

Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA

Divides

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Sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism
It includes the building up (________) and breaking down (_______) of body constituents.

Metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism

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Cellular structure that provides a specialized function, such as the nucleus (_______), ribosomes (________), Golgi apparatus (_______), and lysosomes (_______)
The _______ of many organelles act as sites of chemical reactions

Organelle
Reproduction

Protein synthesis
Removal of material from the cell
Digestion
Membranes

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Five levels of organization are relevant to understanding anatomy, physiology, and pathology: the __________

Cells, tissues, organs, systems, organism

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The smallest structural and functional unit of life. Body ____ perform all activities associated with life, including utilizing ______, facilitating ________, and _________ products. Cells have many shapes and sizes, but they share three main structures: _____, _______, and ______. The study of the body at the cellular level is called _______.

Cell 2X
Food, reproduction, eliminating waste

Cell membrane cytoplasm nucleus
Cytology

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The ______ acts as a barrier that supports and protects the _______. Within the cell membrane is a jellylike matrix of proteins, salts, water, dissolved gases, and nutrients called ______. Inside the cytoplasm are specialized structures called ______. These perform specific functions of the cell, such as reproduction and digestion. The largest cell organelle is_____, which directs the cell’s activities and contains chromosomes.

Cell membrane

Intracellular contents

Cytoplasm
Organelles
Nucleus

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The ______ is responsible for metabolism, growth, and reproduction. It also carries the genetic blueprint of the organism. This blueprint is found in a complex _____ called _____ (DNA) that is organized into a threadlike structure called _____.

Nucleus
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Chromatin

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When the ____ is ready to divide, _____ forms _____, which carry thousands of genes that make up our genetic blueprint. Each body cell, with the exception of the female ovum and the male spermatozoa, contains 23 pairs of chromosomes that determine its genetic makeup. In each of the 23 pairs, one of the chromosomes was inherited from the mother and the other from the father. About_______genes in the body determine unique human characteristics. Genes pass biological information from one generation to the next. This biological information includes such traits as hair color, body structure, and metabolic activity.

Cell
Chromatin chromosome
20k-25k

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_______ is composed of similar cells that perform specialized or common functions. The study of tissues is called _____. Between the cells that make up tissues are varying amounts and types of _____, intercellular substances that provide pathways for cellular ______. The body contains ____ types of tissues:

Tissues
Histology
Non living
Interaction
Four

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_______tissue covers surfaces of organs, lines cavities and canals, forms tubes and ducts, provides the_______ of glands, and makes up the outer layer (epidermis) of the skin. It is composed of cells arranged in a continuous sheet consisting of one or more layers.

Epithelial
Secreting portions

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_______tissue supports and connects other body tissues. There are various types, including ______, _____ (fat), _____, _____ fiber, and even _____.

Connective
Cartilage
Adipose
Bone
Elastic
Blood

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______ tissue provides the contractile tissue of the body, which is responsible for movement.
• ______ tissue transmits electrical impulses as it relays information throughout the entire body.

Muscle
Nervous

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_____ are body structures that perform specialized functions. They are composed of two or more _______ types. For example, the stomach is made up of Muscle and connective tissue form the Wall of the
Inner and outer surfaces stomach. Epithelial and connective tissue cover ________ of the stomach. Nervous tissue penetrates the ______ lining of the stomach and its _____ wall to stimulate the release of chemicals for digestion.

Organs
Tissue
Epithelial
Muscular

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A ______is composed of varying numbers of organs and _______ structures that have similar or related functions. For example, organs of the________ system include the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon. Some of its accessory structures include the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The main function of the digestive system is to digest food, remove and absorb its nutrients, and expel waste products.

Body system
Accessory

Gastrointestinal

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The highest level of organization is the ______. It is a complete living entity capable of independent existence. All complex organisms, including humans, are made up of several body systems that work together to sustain life

Organism

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_______ is a body posture used among anatomists and clinicians as a position of reference to ensure uniformity and consistency in locating anatomical parts or divisions of the human body. In the anatomical position, the person stands erect, facing forward, and the arms are at the sides of the body, with the palms of the hands turned ______ and the feet _______ to each another. No matter how the body is actually positioned—standing or lying down, facing forward or backward—or how the limbs are actually placed, the positions and relationships of a structure are always described as if the body were in this position

Anatomical position
Forward
Parallel

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A plane is an imaginary flat surface that divides the body into two sections. When the body is in anatomical position, the planes serve as points of reference to identify the different sections of the body. The most commonly used planes are ______ (frontal), ______ (horizontal), and ______ (median). The section is named for the plane along which it is cut. A coronal (frontal) plane divides the body into an _______ section; a transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into ________ sections. The midsagittal plane runs through the center of the body, dividing the body into _________.

Coronal
Transverse

Midsagittal

Anterior and posterior

Top and bottom

Right and left
Halves

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Before the development of modern imaging techniques, standard x-ray images showed only a single plane, and many body abnormalities were difficult, if not impossible, to see. Current imaging procedures, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), produce ______-dimensional images on_______ plane. Thus, structural abnormalities and body masses that were previously not found using a standard single plane x-ray are now detected with scanning devices that show images taken in several body planes

Three
More than one

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Directional terms help indicate the position of structures, surfaces, and regions of the body. These terms are always identified relative to the anatomical position. For example, the knee is superior to the ankle; the legs are inferior to the trunk. Physicians commonly use directional terms in medical reports and in communications with other health-care providers and patients. Directional terms identify the location of diseases, injuries, and surgical sites. In a clinical setting, health-care providers may describe the location of a heart attack to the patient as occurring in the front, or anterior, part of the heart. A tumor on the back of the kidney may be described as being located on the posterior Surface of the kidney

Oki dok

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What types of terms are these?
Abduction, adduction, medial lateral superior, inferior proximal, distal, anterior posterior, parietal, visceral, prone, supine, inversion, E version, Palmar plantar superficial deep

Directional

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The directional term for movement away from the _______ plane of the body or one of its parts.

The directional term for movement towards the _________ plane of the body

The directional term for pertaining to the midline of the body or structure

The directional term for pertaining to a side

-Abduction
-Midsagittal (median)2X

Median

Lateral

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The directional term for towards the head or upper portion of a structure

The directional term for away from the head towards the tail or lower part of the structure

Superior/cephalad

Inferior /caudal

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The directional term for near the center trunk of the body or to the point of attachment to the body The directional term for further from the center trunk of the body or from the point of attachment to the body

Proximal Distal

The directional term for front of body The directional term for back of body The directional term for pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity The directional term for pertaining to the internal organs, especially abdominal

Anterior Posterior Parietal Visceral/viscera

The directional term for lying on the abdomen face down The directional term for lying horizontally on the back face up

Prone Supine

The directional term for turning inward or inside out The directional term for turning outward The directional term for pertaining to the palm of the hand The directional term for pertaining to the sole of the foot

Inversion Eversion Palmar Plantar

The directional term for towards the surface of the body external The directional term for away from the surface of the body internal

Superficial Deep

______are spaces within the body that hold, protect, _____, and support internal organs. Clinicians refer to these cavities to locate internal organs and identify abnormalities within the cavities. The body has two main cavities: the ______ cavity, located on the back of the body (posterior), and the ______ cavity, located on the front of the body anterior.

Body cavities Separate Dorsal Ventral

The ______ cavity is divided into the ______ cavity and the _______ cavity. The cranial cavity, formed by the skull, contains the brain; the spinal cavity, formed by the backbone (spine), contains the spinal cord. The _____ are the membranes that line these cavities and also cover the brain and spinal cord. The dorsal cavity is continuous; no wall or structure separates the cranial cavity from the spinal cavity.

Dorsal cranial spinal Meningitis

The ventral cavity is divided into the ______ cavity and ______ cavity. The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by a muscular wall called the ______. The thoracic cavity contains the ________. The abdominal pelvic cavity is further divided into the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity. The _____ cavity contains the liver, stomach, intestines, and ______. The pelvic cavity, positioned inferior to the abdominal cavity, contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs, such as the uterus in women and the _____ in men.

Thoracic Abdominopelvic Diaphragm Lungs and heart Abdominal Kidneys Prostate gland

To describe the location of the many abdominal and pelvic organs more easily, anatomists and clinicians use two methods of dividing the abdominopelvic cavity into smaller areas. These two divisions are known as ______

Quadrants and regions

The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into ______with two imaginary lines that form a cross in the midsection of the lower torso. The quadrants provide a means of locating specific sites of the abdomen for descriptive and diagnostic purposes. They also provide a point of reference in clinical examinations and medical reports. Clinicians will commonly describe pain, lesions, abrasions, punctures, and burns as located in a specific quadrant. They will also identify incision sites by using body quadrants.

Four quadrants

-Right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestine Part of the small and large intestines, the left ovary, the left fallopian tube, and the left ureter

-right upper RUQ -Left lower LLQ

Anatomists and clinicians divide the abdominopelvic cavity into_______ abdominopelvic areas. They use these primarily to identify the location of underlying body structures and visceral organs. For example, the stomach is located in the _____ hypochondriac and epigastric region; the appendix is located in the right ______ region.

Nine regions Left Inguinal

-1. upper right lateral region beneath the ribs 2. Upper middle region. 3. Upper left region beneath the ribs. 4. Middle right lateral region. 5. Region of the Naval. 6. Middle left lateral region. 7. Lower right lateral region. 8. Lower middle region. 9. Lower left lateral region.

1. Right hypochondriac. 2. Epigastric. 3. Left hypochondriac. 4. Right lumbar region lumbar region.. 5. Umbilical. 6. Left lumbar 7. Right inguinal (iliac) 8. Hypogastric 9. Left inguinal (iliac).

The spine (vertebral column or backbone) is composed of a series of bones that extend from the base of the skull to the pelvis. It is formed from _______bones (vertebrae, singular: vertebra) and connective tissue in such a way that a flexible, curved structure results. The spine is divided into sections corresponding to the vertebrae located in the spinal column. These divisions are as follows: • _______ (neck) • ______ (chest) • ______ (loin) • ______ (lower back) • _______ (tailbone)

26 irregular Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Coccyx

CELLULAR STRUCTURES _____ study the formation, structure, and function of cells. Cyt/o means cell ______ is the branch of science that investigates the microscopic structures and functions of tissues. Hist means

Cytologists Cell Histology Tissue

CELLULAR STRUCTURES _____ results in death of the cell. Kary/o & Nucle/o means

Karyolysis Nucleus

DIRECTION Pertaining to anterior front Caud/o ? & Caud/ad? Word for head, Towards the head?

-Anter/or -tail, Towards the tail -cephal/o (cephalad)

Far, furthest Pertaining the the furthest Back of body, Pertaining to back of body

Dist/o, distal Dors/o, dorsal

Middle, toward the middle Back of the body, behind, posterior Pertaining to the back of the body Near , nearest Belly , belly side, pertaining to the belly side

Medi/o, mediad Poster/ o , posterior Proxim/o, proximal Ventr/o ventral

White. condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes. A white blood cell Color, pertaining to or the condition of color associated with the iris or sections of the iris of the eyes.may have one brown iris and one blue iris.

Albin/o, leuk/o albinism Leukocyte Chrom/o Heterchromic Heterochromia

Yellow , a condition where , the skin, sclera of the eyes, and mucous membranes take on a yellow color. ______ is the yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood. A ______ is a nodule or patch composed of lipoid material commonly associated with disturbances in lipid metabolism.

Cirrh/o, jaund/o, xanth/o cirrhosis Jaundice Xanthoma

Blue , ______pertaining to blue , ______ is associated with lack of oxygen in the blood and a bluish discoloration of the skin. Red , a red blood cell Black ______ is a malignancy that arises from melanocytes gray; gray matter (of the brain or spinal cord) Bone marrow and spinal chord inflammation

Cyan/o, cyanotic Cyanosis Erythr/o, erythrocyte Melan/o Melanoma Poli/o Poliomyelitis

radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on thumb side), physicians who employ imaging techniques to help medical doctors diagnose and treat diseases. To cut , an imaging procedure that employs a computer to produce images that appear as cuts (or slices) of an organ or structure internal organs Pertaining to

Radi/o Radiologists Tom/o Tomography Viscer/o Visceral

Suffixes ar,ic,graphy Lumb/ar Epi/gastr/ic ______ is a diagnostic imaging recording procedure using sound in the inaudible range (ultrasound) to visualize internal structures.

Pertaining to the loins Pertaining to above, upon the stomach Sonography

Prefixes infra peri super ultra Pertains below the ribs Pertains to around the umbilical directional term meaning toward the head or upper portion of a structure. includes sound frequencies too high to be perceived by the human ear.

Infracostal Periumbilical Superior Ultrasound

Dist/o & distal Dors/o & dorsal Lower, below Pertains to below Side, to one side & pertaining to one side

Far, farthest Pertains to the furthest Back of body, Pertains the back of body Infer/o Inferior Later/o Lateral

All body cells require oxygen and nutrients for survival. & a stable internal environment (homeostasis) that provides a ____ range of temperature, water, _____, and salt concentration. When homeostasis is disrupted and cells, tissues, organs, or systems are unable to function effectively, the condition is called disease. From a clinical point of view, disease is a pathological, or morbid, condition that presents a group of signs, symptoms, and clinical findings. Signs are objective indicators that are observable. A rash, tissue redness, and swelling are examples of signs. A rash is a sign of ____ (German measles), which is an acute infectious disease. A symptom (Sx) is a _____ indicator of disease. As such, only the patient can experience it. Dizziness, pain, and nausea are examples of symptoms. ________ are the results of radiological, laboratory, and other medical procedures performed on the patient or the patient’s specimens

Narrow, acidity Rubella Subjective Clinical findings

Establishing a diagnosis (Dx), the ______ and _______ of a disease, helps in the selection of a treatment (Tx). A _______ is the prediction of the course of a disease and its probable outcome. An _______ disease is one whose cause is unknown or exists without any connection with a known cause. Some diseases, injuries, or treatments cause complications. For example, a head injury may cause paralysis, and treatment with a toxic drug may cause deafness. A variety of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures can help identify and treat diseases. These procedures are categorized as ______, surgical, ______, laboratory, and imaging procedures. Many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures include more than one testing modality. For example, many surgical procedures are undertaken using radiological methods to guide the surgeon during the procedure. Each of the various types of imaging modalities produces a unique type of image. Physicians select the type of imaging procedure that provides the information that is relevant to a particular diagnosis or treatment. (

Cause , nature Prognosis Idiopathic Clinical Endoscopic

Abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated , may occur within body cavities as a result of surgery Abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of systemic disease or failure of the lymphatic system to drain tissue fluid from the site After applying pressure to a small area, if the indentation persists after the release of pressure, the condition is known as _________ .

Adhesion Edema Pitting edema

Having or showing symptoms of a fever Death and decay of soft tissue, usually caused by circulatory obstruction or infection Risk of developing ______ of the extremities is associated with diabetes and atherosclerosis as a result of poor circulation. Protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, sometimes with loss of function Inflammation is a mechanism used by the body to protect against invasion by foreign organisms and to repair injured tissue.

Febrile Gangrene Herni Inflammation

Any fungal infection in or on the body infections can be superficial, affecting the skin, or deep seated, affecting structures beneath the skin, especially the _____, bone marrow, or other internal organs.

mycosis, brain (osis: abnormal condition, increase used primarily with blood cells)

Hole that completely penetrates a structure. A hole in the gastrointestinal tract is a medical emergency because gastrointestinal contents may flow into the abdominal cavity and infect the peritoneum. Inflammation of the peritoneum, the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and covers its organs, usually caused by bacteria or fungi Peritonitis requires prompt medical attention to fight the infection and, if necessary, to treat any underlying medical conditions. Inflammation of, the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and covers its organs, usually caused by bacteria or fungi _______ requires prompt medical attention to fight the infection and, if necessary, to treat any underlying medical conditions.

Perforation Peritonitis

Sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ Severe bacterial infection of the tissues that spreads to the blood; also called ______ or blood poisoning In _______, bacteria and their endotoxins cause severe systemic symptoms. Process of forming pus ____occurs when the agent that provoked the inflammation is difficult to eliminate

Rupture Septicemia Suppuration

What are the following? Ausculation inspection palpation percussion

Diagnostic clinical assessment techniques to evaluate the health status of a patient

The diagnostic clinical assessment technique that listens to the heart, bowel and lungs with or without a stethoscope to assess the presence and quality of sounds The diagnostic clinical assessment technique for general observation of the patient as a whole progressing to specific areas The assessment technique for gentle application of hands to a specific structure or body area to determine size consistency, texture, symmetry, tenderness of underlying structures The technique of tapping a body structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure, especially helpful in assessing the thorax and abdomen

Ausculation Inspection Palpation Percussion

The visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an _________ used for biopsy surgery aspiration of fluids coagulation of bleeding areas. The endoscope is usually named for the organ cavity canal being examined, for example gastroscope. Sigmoidoscope a camera and video recorder or commonly used during the procedure to provide a permanent record.

Endoscopy Endoscope

A lab test usually performed on serum to determine biochemical, imbalances abnormalities and nutritional conditions. For example, cholesterol test results will include the patient’s cholesterol value and where it falls in the normal or abnormal range.

Blood chemistry analysis

Broad screening test used to evaluate red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets to determine anemia infections and other diseases. usually included as part of routine physical examination to determine general health status.

Complete blood count CBC

Imaging technique that rotates an x-ray meter around the area to be evaluated and measures the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles. A computer generates a detailed cross-sectional image that appears as a slice. It may detect tumor masses, bone ________, and fluid _______ used with or without a contrast, medium

Computed tomography Displacement Accumulation

Technique where x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion, it helps view the motion of organs and follows the movement of contrast dye during a cardiac catheterization an angiography, nor an upper gastrointestinal series, (barium swallow), and to aid in the placement of catheters or other devices

Fluoroscopy luminous fluorescent

Technique that uses radio _____ and a strong ______ field rather than x-ray beam to produce highly detailed multi planner cross-sectional views of soft tissues , helps, diagnose a growing number of diseases because it provides superior soft tissue contrast it commonly prove superior to CT scans for most central nervous system images, muscular skeletal images and images of the ______ area. The procedure usually doesn’t require a contrast, medium.

Waves Magnetic Magnetic resonance imaging MRI Pelvic

Technique in which radioactive material radiopharmaceutical called a _____ is introduced into the body through inhalation ingestion or injection. And a specialized camera ________ camera produces images of organs and structures. A reverse of a conventional radiograph. Rather than being directed into the body radiation comes from inside the body and is then detected by a specialized camera to produce an image.

Nuclear scan, Tracer Camera

Involves Computed tomography records, deposits ( positively charged particles ) emitted from a radio pharmaceutical to produce a cross-sectional image of the metabolic activity of body tissues to determine the presence of disease it is useful in scanning the brain and nervous system to diagnose disorders that involve abnormal tissue metabolism, for example, schizophrenia, brain tours, epilepsy, stroke Alzheimer’s, disease, and pulmonary disorders

Positron emission tomography

Technique where x-rays are passed through the body or area and captured on film to generate an image also called x-ray usually requires the use of a contrast medium to enhance images to common mediums are_____&______

Radiography Barium and iodine compounds

Radiological technique that integrates computed tomography CT and a radioactive material tracer that’s injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs. SPECT differs from PET and that the tracer remains in the bloodstream rather than being absorbed by the surrounding tissue, it’s especially useful to visualize blood flow through arteries and veins in the brain.

Single photon emission computed tomography

High frequency sound waves, ultrasound, directed at soft tissue and reflects as echoes to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure, also called ultrasound, sonography and echo unlike most imaging methods that creates real time moving images, allowing the visualization of organs and functions of organs in motion, a computer analyzes, the reflected echoes and converts them into an image on a video monitor. It doesn’t use ionizing radiation.(_____) so it is used during pregnancy to observe, fetal growth and study other internal organs for pathology or lesions.

X-ray Ultrasonography

The removal of a representative tissue sample from a body site for microscopic examination usually to establish a diagnosis A biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed A biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed

Biopsy Bx Excisional Incisional

Removal of a body part, a pathway or a function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery freezing or radio frequency RF A PROCEDURE COMMON FOR TREATING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND VARICOSE VEINS AND DESTROYING ABNORMAL TISSUES FOUND IN VARIOUS ORGANS, LIKE THE LUNGS, KIDNEYS AND UTERUS

Ablation

Surgical joining of two ducts vessels bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

Anastomosis

Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon shaped instrument called a____ Use of an electrically activated instrument to burn and destroy diseased tissue common for removing tumors, particularly in the brain and warts, and treating chronic nosebleeds

Curette Curettage Electrocauterization

Incision made to allow free flow of fluids and pus from a wound, abscess or body cavity Use of high intensity, laser light beam to remove disease, tissues to stop bleeding or for cosmetic purposes. Used in many varieties of non-invasive or minimally, invasive procedures, including removal of lesions, scars, tattoos, wrinkles, sunspots, or birthmarks.

Incision and drainage Laser surgery

Surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery

Revision

Abbreviation AP stands for Abbreviation Bx or bx stands for Abbreviation CBC stands for Abbreviation CT stand stands for Abbreviation DNA stands for

AnterPosterior Biopsy Complete blood Computed tomography Deoxyribonucleic acid

Abbreviation Dx stands for Abbreviation I&D stands for Abbreviation LAT, lat stands for Abbreviation LLQ stands for Abbreviation LUQ stands for

Diagnosis Incision and drainage Lateral Left lower quadrant Left upper quadrant

MRI: PET : RF : RLQ : RUQ ;

Magnetic residence imaging Proton emission tomography Rheumatoid factor radio frequency Right lower quadrant Right upper quadrant

SPECT Sx Tx U & L, U/L US

Single photon emission computed tomography Symptom Treatment Upper and lower Ultrasound /ultrasonography

-Left lobe of the liver, the stomach, the spleen, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestines -Part of the small and large intestines, the appendix, the right ovary, the right fallopian tube, and the right ureter -

. -left upper quadrant LUQ Right lower RLQ

the joint between the first two cervical vertebrae (C1, or atlas, and C2, or axis), forming a pivot joint crucial for head rotation Scoliosis:

Atlantoaxial Sideways curve of the spine

a tooth-like bony structure extending upward from the second cervical vertebra (C2 or axis), serving as a pivot point for head rotation a mild form of spina bifida, a birth defect where the spinal cord does not fully close during fetal development.

Odontoid process Spina bifida occulta

a rounded bony prominence, or bump, on a bone, serving as a place where muscles and ligaments attach, often found at the distal end of long bones like the humerus areas that appear darker on an X-ray or other imaging because they are less dense and allow more radiation to pass through,

Epicondile Lucency

The____(EMR) is a systematic collection in digital format of a patient’s health history. an electronic version of a paper medical chart. contains a history of the patient’s medical care, : diagnoses, treatments, and vital health info. digital version allows practitioners to electronically monitor and track health status, preventive health services, treatments, and care planning of patients and serves as a more efficient method of documenting patient care. provides a platform to share medical documents between providers who are caring for the same patient so that there is continuity of treatment without duplication. Besides ease of access, this method decreases errors with poor penmanship, lost pages, and misfiled records. It provides health-care information that will be needed if legal issues arise. , it is the basis for reimbursement of medical services.&, it is important that all info entered be complete, current, correct, and maintained confidential. , increasing physician offices, clinics, hospitals, and others are providing patients with access to their individual EMRs. It’s available instantly and securely for patients and other authorized users. The Documenting Health-Care Activities in t in this chapter and throughout the book are designed to familiarize you to the appearance and terminology of various medical records and to develop the critical thinking skills necessary to interpret these records in a medical setting.