BODY SOUL MIND

Question 1

Dualism

Answer 1

body and soul separate

Question 2

plato beliefs on body

Answer 2

body controlled unreliable senses that deceive , change days and dies, impermanent. prison to permanent soul chains us to senses- soul longs wotf.

Question 3

plato beliefs soul

Answer 3

real essential part of us.
soul witnessed wotf before incarnated. using reason soul recalls forms . recognise hoe things woa participate in perf forms. amnesis.
socrates.

Question 4

charioteer struggle body and soul

Answer 4

charioteer=reason
two horses= emotions and appetites
when reason in control harmony in soul

most time emotion/appetites in control

Question 5

plato successful a03

Answer 5

• explains inner conflict: go gym stay on sofa. reason not in control. adult rational designs fell more unified.

-amnesis

-body and soul opposites. soul survive death.

Question 6

plato unsuccessful a03

Answer 6

• inner conflict lack maturity, personality type, emotions. upbringing and DNA more likely choose desires.

-geach- how disembodied soul see forms physical process. socrates, lead answer step by step learn rather recall.

-opposites assumption

Question 7

monist

Answer 7

body and soul not sep

Question 8

Aristotle view

Answer 8

body and soul inseparable: imprint on wax need both matter wax and form imprint to make it what it is
body material cause, soul formal.
soul animates body give characteristics and form.

dead chicken material cause father’s beak no longer clucks pecks formal cause. soul dies w body.

Question 9

3 appetites soul

Answer 9

vegetative- growing characteristics
appetitive- ability act and fulfil desires for food and reproduce
intellect- rational only humans

Question 10

Aristotle successful a03

Answer 10

-soul essential to body make it what it is. axe = blade and handle ability chop= form. anscombe supports

• body and soul inseparable - wax. need both make it what it is. dies with soul. explain diff chickens .how can any of me survive death.

Question 11

Aristotle unsuccessful a03

Answer 11

-plato body and soul separate. soul returns wotf after death reincarnate.

-diff behave chicken is physical processes ceasing to function not an immaterial soul.

Question 12

substance dualism

Answer 12

mind and body too wholly diff substances

Question 13

what did Descartes doubt

Answer 13

doubted everything, deceived evil demon , body illusion
only thing sure about he was thinking cogito era sum- I think therefore I am.
mind essence of yourself- must exist

Question 14

descartes belief on mind and body

Answer 14

mind indivisible whole
body divisable
amputate arm thing away from mind
so mind must be able to be separated form existence of body
diff substances - material and immaterial
link; pineal gland, only 1 and imagination/common sense

Question 15

strength descartes

Answer 15

• mind essence/personhood- face transplant same person
• pineal gland link

Question 16

weakness descartes

Answer 16

-loose limb- change outlook of life, personality. following traumatic events war- ptsd

• ryle ghost in machine.category error

-dennet; cartisan theatre, mind is theatre audience of one. watch and control what happens on stage (outside mind) - not work like this

Question 17

ryle ghost in machine

Answer 17

how can an immaterial mind control material body. physical mechanical acts controlled non material mind- ghost trying pull leavers/ handles in machine

Question 18

ryle category error

Answer 18

Oxford- all colleges, library and sports ground where is the uni. believe something extra but it was a collection of everything he saw
descartes trys categorise events as physical or mental, something additional to body controls behaviour.
body and mind not separate but a whole person, what it means to be conscious thinking being.
-kettle

Question 19

ryle successful a03

Answer 19

-personhood physical and mental, thinking part of me not separate/ categorised, it would be like ghost machine

-use lang inaccurate body and mind can’t be describe in the same way
Oxford/team spirit

Question 20

ryle unsuccessful

Answer 20

-pysical and immateriasl/spiritual. amputate- mind still thinks/wills. these mental processes diff physical sensations must be distinct

-doubted everything even physical existence , but was thinking. since thinking shows he exists and mind sep body.

mind directs actions body-talk ab sep substances help me understand me . mind real me.

Question 21

Dennett

Answer 21

• no place mind subj exp, thinking happiness , lots of processes in brain.
  -brain scans many areas used simultaneously processing info remember exp and imagining.
• psychologists will be able to detect where and how thinking happens

Question 22

identity theory

Answer 22

-all mental activity centered brain
-brain affected physological effects/ drugs- mood, personality and behaviour- immaterial soul
-thinking, desicon making simply activities brain and die when body does.

Question 23

Dawkins

Answer 23

soul 1=ancient idea used by pre-scientific people explain human rational thinking beings and allow life after death.
filling gaps knowledge mythical ideas ‘mystic jelly’
soul 2=intellect/mental abilities will be explained by science soon probs thru DNA

Question 24

Soul is a metaphor

Answer 24

susan blackmoore
-soul metaphor consciousness/personhood
-consciousness delusion as we believe looking for something extra not exist.
-sensations part physical make up, scientists will classify brain patterns identify consciousness.

Question 25

strengths materialism

Answer 25

• functional magnetic scanners detect changes in brain when subject attention moves diff images.

-solves how much of me survives death

-nasa sensors throat detect words said silently oneself. read thoughts detecting physical responses

Question 26

weakness materialism

Answer 26

-intention,nerve function in brain have no desires/intention
-dawkins assumption filling gaps knowledge science
-paranormal exp- religious exp