body planes and positions Flashcards
anatomical position
the standard or basic body position. it is marked by four criteria: standing erect, facing foward, arms at the side within the palms facing foward, and feet should be slightly apart.
body planes
combine anatomy and geometry to intersect the body, or a specific section of the body, into two parts
transverse plane
is horizontal and intersects the body, separating the superior and inferior (top and bottom) portions.
superior
toward the upper part of the body
inferior
toward the lower part of the body
anterior
the front of the body aka the ventral side of the body
posterior
the back of the body aka the dorsal side of the body
midsagittal plane
is vertical and intersects the body into left and right sides.
medial
is closer to or heading toward the midline
lateral
is farther from or heading away from the midline
superficial
near the surface of the body
deep
deeper inside the body
frontal/coronal plane
is vertical and intersects the body, separating the anterior and posterior (front and back) portions.
ventral or anterior
front of the body
dorsal or posterior
back of the body
proximal
toward the origination of the structure
distal
away from the origination of the structure
body cavity
any space in the body that contains fluid and organs
dorsal cavity
one long, continuous cavity located on the back of the body
what sections is the dorsal cavity divided into and what do they contain?
the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity
ventral cavity
is located at the front of the body with anterior and posterior portions
what sections is the ventral cavity divided into and what do they contain?
the thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
orbital cavity
houses the eyes
nasal cavity
the internal part of the nose
oral cavity
the mouth
how many quadrants in the abdominal cavity divided into?
4 quadrants
-LUQ: left upper quadrant
-RUQ: right upper quadrant
-LLQ: left lower quadrant
-RLQ: right lower quadrant
what are the 9 regions in the abdominal cavity?
1.) right hypochondriac
2.) epigastric region
3.) left hypochondriac
4.) right lumbar region
5.) umbilical region
6.) left lumbar region
7.) right iliac region
8.) hypogastric region
9.) left iliac region
cell
smallest, most numerous structural unit
cell membrane
membrane surrounding the cell
neoplasia
formation of a new abnormal growth of tissue
nucleus
organelle that contains genetic material
organ
tissues arranged together to perform a particular function
