Body Organization Unit 2 Flashcards
What are the levels of body organization?
- Cells
- Tissue
- Organs
- System
Cells:
- Fundamental unit of all living things
- All cells perform a specific function
- All tissues are made up of cells
Tissues:
- Group of like cells
working together
- Four types of tissues
• Muscular
• Epithelial
• Connective
• NervousMuscular Tissue:
Produces movement through contraction
- Skeletal muscle: attached to bone
- Smooth Muscle: found in internal organs
- Cardiac Muscle: found in the heart
Epithelial Tissue
- Found throughout the body
- Form the covering/lining of body structures
Connective Tissue:
- Supporting and protecting tissue
• Bone
• Cartilage
• Tendons
• AdiposeNervous Tissue:
- Forms the brain, spinal cord and nerves
Organs
Several different types of tissues that work together as a unit
Systems
Several organs working together to perform complex functions
What is the anatomical position?
- Standing erect
- Arms at sides
- Palms facing forward
- Legs parallel with feet
- Toes facing forward
What are the 3 Body planes?
- Sagittal
- Transverse
- Frontal
Sagittal Plane
- divides the body into left and right portions
- If the plane divides the body into equal right and left parts, it’s called mid-sagittal
Frontal (coronal) Plane
divides the body into front and back portions
Transverse Plane
Horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
Similarities between x-rays, CT scans, MRIS
They all have:
- doctors see internal body
- narrows the cause of injury
- high advanced technology
Differences between x-rays, CT scans, MRIS
• MRIS: - 2D picture - Radio waves causes tissue to resonate - No radiation • CT Scans: - used radiation + computer technology - 2D picture - see size, shape, position that are deep in the body • X-ray: - not show much detail - electromagnetic waves - used radiation
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial cavity:
- within the skull and contains the brain
Spinal Cavity:
- extends from the cranial cavity and surrounded by the spine and contains the spinal cord
Ventral Cavity
• Thoracic Cavity:
- surrounded by the rib cage and above the diaphragm
• Abdominopelvic Cavity:
> divided into 2 parts
~Abdominal cavity:
- superior to pelvic cavity
- contains organs of digestive and excretory systems
~ Pelvic Cavity:
- Lower portion of abdominopelvic cavity
- contains organs of digestive, reproductive and excretory systems
2 layer membrane lines the ventral cavities
Pleura-lines the thoracic cavity
Peritoneum-lines the abdominopelvic cavity
What are the body regions?
- Right iliac
- Epigastric
- Left Lumbar
- Right Hypochondriac
- Umbilical
- Left iliac
- Right Lumbar
- Hypogastric
- Left Hypochondriac
What are the quadrants of the body?
- Right Upper Quadrant
- Left Upper Quadrant
- Right Lower Quadrant
- Left Lower Quadrant
