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BIOL 223/224 > Body Organization,Membranes,Terminology > Flashcards

Body Organization,Membranes,Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

A person standing upright with the feet flat on the floor and slightly apart. Arms at the sides and the palms supine.

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2
Q

Anatomy is the study of:

A

Structure; Bones, Muscles, etc.

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3
Q

Physiology is the study of:

A

Function.

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4
Q

Auscultation is the method of:

A

Listening.

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5
Q

Palpation is the method of:

A

Touch.

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6
Q

Dissection is the method of:

A

Cutting.

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7
Q

Percussion is the method of:

A

Tapping.

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8
Q

Cytology is:

A

The study of or looking at cells.

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9
Q

Histology is:

A

The study of or looking at tissue.

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10
Q

Histopathology is:

A

The study of or looking at disease in tissues.

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11
Q

Medical Imaging is:

A

Looking inside the body without dissection.

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12
Q

What method would you use to find out if a patient has abnormal skin color?

A

Inspection.

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13
Q

What method would you use if a patient has a high heart rate?

A

Auscultation and/or Palpation.

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14
Q

An hypothesis is:

A

A testable, falsifiable(the ability to disprove), question.

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15
Q

A theory is:

A

An idea that is presented, explains something, and is supported by evidence.

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16
Q

Evolution is:

A

Genetic change and adaptation over time driven by natural selection(survival of the fittest).

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17
Q

Examples of evolution include:

A

Hair loss, bipedalism, language, and sitting up straight.

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18
Q

Vestigial means:

A

Serving little to no purpose anymore. Examples include the tailbone, appendix, and tonsils.

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19
Q

Piloerector means:

A

The hair standing up.

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20
Q

Auricularis means:

A

To move the ears.

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21
Q

Homology means:

A

A very similar structure but with a different purpose or function.

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22
Q

Adaptations for primates include:

A

Opposable thumbs, hair loss(in humans), critical thinking/largish brains, language, sitting up straight, bipedalism, stereoscopic vision(depth perception), and color vision.

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23
Q

Life is the ability to:

A

Reproduce, have brain activity/nervous tissue, have homeostasis, have response/movement, evolution of populations, being made up of cells, and having metabolism.

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24
Q

To be clinically dead means having no:

A

Brain waves or brain activity.

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25
Being biologically alive means:
All organs are functioning but only because of ventilators and life support machines.
26
Reference males and females in the book are:
Of a general weight, size, age, and caloric intake. None of which are a typical male or female.
27
Homeostasis is:
The body's ability to to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it, and thereby maintain relatively stable internal conditions.
28
The main mechanism that maintains homeostasis is:
Negative feedback.
29
Negative feedback helps the body to maintain:
Normalcy and homeostasis.
30
Positive feedback is:
The mechanism that keeps the body going in one direction or on the same track whether good or bad.
31
In negative feedback, the receptor is:
An indicator that sends a signal to the body's control center.
32
In negative feedback, the control center is:
The hypothalamus region of the brain and the mechanism that signals the change in the body.
33
In negative feedback, the effector is:
The change that is signaled by the control center.
34
Positive feedback leads to a:
Greater change in the same direction repeated over and over.
35
Examples of positive feedback include:
Birth(hormones signal contractions), blood clotting(more proteins show up at the site), fever, and protein digestion(digestive enzymes are continuously made).
36
The Frontal plane dissects the body into two planes. They are:
The Anterior/Ventral and the Posterior/Dorsal.
37
The Sagittal plane dissects the body into two planes. They are:
Left and Right.
38
The Transverse plane dissects the body into two planes. They are:
Superior and Inferior.
39
Ventral means:
Toward the front or belly.
40
Dorsal means:
Toward the back or spine.
41
Anterior means:
Toward the ventral side.
42
Posterior means:
Towards the dorsal side.
43
Superior in relation to the torso means:
Above.
44
Inferior in relation to the torso means:
Below.
45
Medial means:
Toward the median plane.
46
Lateral means:
Away from the median plane.
47
Proximal in relation to the appendages means:
Closer to the point of attachment or origin.
48
Distal in relation to the appendages means:
Farther from the point of attachment or origin.
49
Ipsilateral means:
On the same side of the body.
50
Contralateral means:
On the opposite side of the body.
51
Superficial means:
Closer the the body surface.
52
Deep means:
Farther from the body surface.
53
What 4 quadrants is the abdomen divided into?
Right Upper Quadrant, Left Upper Quadrant, Right Lower Quadrant, and Left Lower Quadrant. RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ.
54
What organs are located in the RUQ?
Liver, Gallblader, Duodenum, Head of Pancreas, Right Adrenal Gland, Upper Lobe of Right Kidney, multiple sections of the Colon.
55
What organs are located in the LUQ?
Left Lobe of Liver, Stomach, Spleen, Upper Lobe of Left Kidney, Pancreas, Left Adrenal Gland, multiple sections of the Colon.
56
What organs are located in the RLQ?
Lower Lobe of Right Kidney, Cecum, Appendix, Section of Ascending Colon, Right Ovary, Right Fallopian Tube, Right Ureter, Right Permatic Cord, Part of Uterus.
57
What organs are located in the LLQ?
Lower Lobe of Left Kidney, Sigmoid Colon, Section of Descending Colon, Left Ovary, Left Fallopian Tube, Left Ureter, Left Spermatic Cord, Part of Uterus.
58
The abdomen is divided into _____ regions.
9. Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Hypochondriac Lumbar, Umbilical, Lumbar Inguinal, Hypogastric, Inguinal
59
What organs are located in the Right Hypochondriac Region?
Liver, Gallbladder, Sm. Intestine, Ascending and Transverse Colon, Right Kidney.
60
What organs are located in the Epigastric Region?
Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Sm. Intestine, Transverse Colon, Right and Left Adrenal Glands, Pancreas, Right and Left Kidneys, Spleen, Right and Left Ureters.
61
What organs are located in the Left Hypochondriac Regions?
Stomach, Tip of Liver, Tail of Pancreas, Sm. Intestine, Transverse and Descending Colon, Spleen, Left Kidney.
62
What organs are located in the Right Lumbar Region?
Tip of Liver, Gallbladder, Sm. Intestine, Right Kidney, and Ascending Colon.
63
What organs are located in the Umbilical Region of the abdomen?
Stomach, Pancreas, Sm. Intestine, Transverse Colon, Right and Left Kidneys, Right and Left Ureters.
64
What organs are located in the Left Lumbar Region of the Abdomen?
Sm. Intestine, Descending Colon, Tip of Left Kidney.
65
What organs are located in the Right Inguinal Region of the Abdomen?
Sm. Intestine, Appendix, Cecum, Ascending Colon, Right Ovary, Right Fallopian Tube.
66
What organs are located in the Hypogastric Region of the Abdomen?
Sm. Intestine, Sigmoid Colon, Rectum, Right and Left Ovaries, Right and Left Ureters, Urinary Bladder, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, and Prostate.
67
What organs are located in the Left Inguinal Region of the Abdomen?
Sm. Intestine, Descending Colon, Sigmoid Colon, Left Ovary, Left Fallopian Tube.

BIOL 223/224 (1 decks)

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