BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION Flashcards
composition of blood
plasma, formed elements
formed elements are
blood cells and blood platelets
blood platelets are also called as
thrombocytes
blood cells include
erythrocyte, leucocyte
leucocyte is of 2 types what are they
granulocytes,agranulocytes
granulocytes include
basophils, neutrophils, eosinophil
agranulocytes include
monocyte, lymphocyte
plasma is made up of
water, proteins, minerals
% of water
90-92%
what are the proteins present in plasma
albumin,fibrinogen,globiulins
fibrinogen - fntn
clotting factor
globulins -fntn
defence mechanisms
functions of alpha and beta globulins
fat and lipid transport
fntn-gamma globulin
immune response
albumin-fntn
osmotic balance
plasma without clotting factors
serum
no. of RBC
5-5.5 million mm-3
quantity of RBC
12-16 gms/100ml
formation of RBC
adults vs zygote
erythropoiesis
adults - bone marrow
zygote - embryosac
lifespan of RBC
4 months
carbonic anhydrase
co2 transport
formation of blood
haemopoiesis
no. of leucocytes
6000-8000 mm-3
formation of WBC
leucopoiesis
lifespan of WBC
4-8 hrs in blood
movement of WBC through
capillary
the rise in WBC count
leucocytosis
list the ascending order of lymphocytes based on their quantity
NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS neutrophils lymphocyte monocyte eosinophils basophils
fntn-lymphocyte
phagocytosis
fntn-monocyte
macrophage
fntn-eosinopils
dissolves blood clot
fntn-basophils
heparin, serotonin secretion
fntn-neutrophils
phagocytosis
no. of thrombocytes
1,50,000 - 3,50,000 platelets mm-3
formation of thrombocytes
megakaryocytes
life span of thrombocytes
1 week
thrombocytes are destroyed in
spleen, liver
reduction of platelets
thrombocytopenia
group of bleeding diseases
purpura
antigens-bad (foreign substances )
antibody-good
ABO grouping was found by
Karl Landsteiner
antigens are located in
surface of RBC
antibody is found in
plasma
Landsteiner law
transfusion reactions
Rh represents
rhesus monkey
Rh grouping was found by
Landsteiner & wiener
erythroblastosis foetalis
Rh-ve mother & Rh+ve mother
complications of EF
fatal,foetus with jaundice or anaemia
prevention of EF
injecting anti-Rh antibodies
dark reddish brown scum
clot,coagulation
mechanism of coagulation
PLASTIC KITS THROW IN BIN
plastin-kinase-prothrombin-thrombin-fibrinogen-fibrin-clot
lymph is also called as
tissue fluid/interstitial fluid
what are the lymphatic ducts ?
thoracic duct , lymphatic duct
name the location of lymph nodes
tonsils,groin.armpits.thymius,spleen,neck
movement of lymph
ducts-subclavian veins-sup.VC-cardiovascular system
open circulatory system is found i
athropods,molluscs
open circulatory system is found in
annelids
which system(open/close) is advantageous
closed circuulatory system
2 chambered heart is found in
pisces
3 chamberd heart is found in
amphibians,reptiles(exct:crocs)
4 chambered heart is found in
mammals,birds,crocodiles
how many chambered is crocodile heart
4 chambered
heart is int he size of
a clenched fist
heart is ______ origin
mesodermal
pericardium consists of 2 layers . what are they ?
parietal,visceral,
location of interatrial septum
between left and right atrium
location of interventricular septum
between left and right ventricle
SML valves prevent
blood getyting into ventricles
chordae tendinae is attached between
AV valves , ventricular wall(papillary muscles
AV valves includes
bicuspid, tricuspid
bicuspid is also known as
mitral valve
which ventricles has thicker walls ?
left ventricle
which valve is present on left side ?
bicuspid / mitral
tricuspid valve is present on which side ?
right
chrodae tendinae prevents
collapse of tri and bi cuspid into atria
what are 2 conducting systems (cardiac musculature) of heart?
sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node
SA node is found in
lower left corner of RA , close to AV septum
AV node is found in
lower left corner of LA
av node extends ino
bundle of His – > purkinje fibre
pacesetter of heart
AV node
pacemaker of heart
SA node
heart rate
70-75 times/min
__cycles/min
72
1 cycle-__sec
0.8
output
70 x 72 = 5040 ml / 5l
stroke volume/ vol.per cycle
70 ml
mineral concentration is inversely proportional to heart rate
25l max blood is produced
DEOXY BLOOD
sup.,inf. VC, coronary sinus —>RA
OXY BLOOD
lungs , 2 pairs pul.veins–>LA
low pitch long sound
lub
high pitch short sound
dub
lub is the closure of
AV (ventricular systole )
dub is the closure of
SMLV (ventricular diastole )
what causes ECG waves
SA node - depolarisation- action potential
electrocardiograph was found by
Einthoven
electrocardiogram is
diagram
electrocardiograph is
machine
electrocardiography is
technique
left ventricle is thicker than right ventricle
refer notes for movement of blood
enlarged P wave -
enlarged Q&R wave -
elevated ST wave and flat T wave -
,indicates
enlarged atria
myocardial infarction
atherosclerotic heart disease
which blood undergoes pulmonary circulation
deoxy blood
pathway of pulmonary circulation
RV–>Lungs–>LA
pathway of systemic circulation
LV–>tissues–>RA
P wave
depolarisation
T wave
repolarisation
QRS wave
ventricular systole
blood proteins are produced by
hepatic portal circulation
movement of coronary circulation
aorta–>cradiac muscles–>coronary sinus –>RA
how many tunics do blood vessels contain ?wha are they ?
3- tunica externa , tunica interna,tunica media
tunica externa is made up of
fibrous CT+collagen fibres
tunica media is made up of
smooth muscles +elastin fibres
tunica interna is alao called as
tunica intima
tunica interna is made up of
elastin membrane+endothelium
what are the narrowest blood vessel?
capillaries
why myogenic
autoregulated by nodal tissues
which part of brain controls heart function ?
medulla oblongata (ANS)
symphathetic nervous system produces
non arenaline - incfreases CO
parasymphathetic nervous system produces
acetylcholine-decreases CO,beat
sphygamomanometer measures
pulse strenght [40mmHg]
hypertension heart rate
above 140/90 mmHg
angina pectoris
acut chest pain
