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BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION > BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION > Flashcards

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION Flashcards

1
Q

composition of blood

A

plasma, formed elements

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2
Q

formed elements are

A

blood cells and blood platelets

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3
Q

blood platelets are also called as

A

thrombocytes

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4
Q

blood cells include

A

erythrocyte, leucocyte

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5
Q

leucocyte is of 2 types what are they

A

granulocytes,agranulocytes

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6
Q

granulocytes include

A

basophils, neutrophils, eosinophil

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7
Q

agranulocytes include

A

monocyte, lymphocyte

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8
Q

plasma is made up of

A

water, proteins, minerals

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9
Q

% of water

A

90-92%

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10
Q

what are the proteins present in plasma

A

albumin,fibrinogen,globiulins

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11
Q

fibrinogen - fntn

A

clotting factor

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12
Q

globulins -fntn

A

defence mechanisms

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13
Q

functions of alpha and beta globulins

A

fat and lipid transport

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14
Q

fntn-gamma globulin

A

immune response

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15
Q

albumin-fntn

A

osmotic balance

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16
Q

plasma without clotting factors

A

serum

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17
Q

no. of RBC

A

5-5.5 million mm-3

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18
Q

quantity of RBC

A

12-16 gms/100ml

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19
Q

formation of RBC

adults vs zygote

A

erythropoiesis
adults - bone marrow
zygote - embryosac

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20
Q

lifespan of RBC

A

4 months

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21
Q

carbonic anhydrase

A

co2 transport

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22
Q

formation of blood

A

haemopoiesis

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23
Q

no. of leucocytes

A

6000-8000 mm-3

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24
Q

formation of WBC

A

leucopoiesis

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25
Q

lifespan of WBC

A

4-8 hrs in blood

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26
Q

movement of WBC through

A

capillary

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27
Q

the rise in WBC count

A

leucocytosis

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28
Q

list the ascending order of lymphocytes based on their quantity

A 
NEVER LET MONKEYS EAT BANANAS
neutrophils
lymphocyte
monocyte
eosinophils
basophils
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29
Q

fntn-lymphocyte

A

phagocytosis

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30
Q

fntn-monocyte

A

macrophage

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31
Q

fntn-eosinopils

A

dissolves blood clot

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32
Q

fntn-basophils

A

heparin, serotonin secretion

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33
Q

fntn-neutrophils

A

phagocytosis

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34
Q

no. of thrombocytes

A

1,50,000 - 3,50,000 platelets mm-3

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35
Q

formation of thrombocytes

A

megakaryocytes

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36
Q

life span of thrombocytes

A

1 week

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37
Q

thrombocytes are destroyed in

A

spleen, liver

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38
Q

reduction of platelets

A

thrombocytopenia

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39
Q

group of bleeding diseases

A

purpura

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40
Q

antigens-bad (foreign substances )

A

antibody-good

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41
Q

ABO grouping was found by

A

Karl Landsteiner

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42
Q

antigens are located in

A

surface of RBC

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43
Q

antibody is found in

A

plasma

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44
Q

Landsteiner law

A

transfusion reactions

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45
Q

Rh represents

A

rhesus monkey

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46
Q

Rh grouping was found by

A

Landsteiner & wiener

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47
Q

erythroblastosis foetalis

A

Rh-ve mother & Rh+ve mother

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48
Q

complications of EF

A

fatal,foetus with jaundice or anaemia

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49
Q

prevention of EF

A

injecting anti-Rh antibodies

50
Q

dark reddish brown scum

A

clot,coagulation

51
Q

mechanism of coagulation

A

PLASTIC KITS THROW IN BIN

plastin-kinase-prothrombin-thrombin-fibrinogen-fibrin-clot

52
Q

lymph is also called as

A

tissue fluid/interstitial fluid

53
Q

what are the lymphatic ducts ?

A

thoracic duct , lymphatic duct

54
Q

name the location of lymph nodes

A

tonsils,groin.armpits.thymius,spleen,neck

55
Q

movement of lymph

A

ducts-subclavian veins-sup.VC-cardiovascular system

56
Q

open circulatory system is found i

A

athropods,molluscs

57
Q

open circulatory system is found in

A

annelids

58
Q

which system(open/close) is advantageous

A

closed circuulatory system

59
Q

2 chambered heart is found in

A

pisces

60
Q

3 chamberd heart is found in

A

amphibians,reptiles(exct:crocs)

61
Q

4 chambered heart is found in

A

mammals,birds,crocodiles

62
Q

how many chambered is crocodile heart

A

4 chambered

63
Q

heart is int he size of

A

a clenched fist

64
Q

heart is ______ origin

A

mesodermal

65
Q

pericardium consists of 2 layers . what are they ?

A

parietal,visceral,

66
Q

location of interatrial septum

A

between left and right atrium

67
Q

location of interventricular septum

A

between left and right ventricle

68
Q

SML valves prevent

A

blood getyting into ventricles

69
Q

chordae tendinae is attached between

A

AV valves , ventricular wall(papillary muscles

70
Q

AV valves includes

A

bicuspid, tricuspid

71
Q

bicuspid is also known as

A

mitral valve

72
Q

which ventricles has thicker walls ?

A

left ventricle

73
Q

which valve is present on left side ?

A

bicuspid / mitral

74
Q

tricuspid valve is present on which side ?

A

right

75
Q

chrodae tendinae prevents

A

collapse of tri and bi cuspid into atria

76
Q

what are 2 conducting systems (cardiac musculature) of heart?

A

sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node

77
Q

SA node is found in

A

lower left corner of RA , close to AV septum

78
Q

AV node is found in

A

lower left corner of LA

79
Q

av node extends ino

A

bundle of His – > purkinje fibre

80
Q

pacesetter of heart

A

AV node

81
Q

pacemaker of heart

A

SA node

82
Q

heart rate

A

70-75 times/min

83
Q

__cycles/min

A

72

84
Q

1 cycle-__sec

A

0.8

85
Q

output

A

70 x 72 = 5040 ml / 5l

86
Q

stroke volume/ vol.per cycle

A

70 ml

87
Q

mineral concentration is inversely proportional to heart rate

A

25l max blood is produced

88
Q

DEOXY BLOOD

sup.,inf. VC, coronary sinus —>RA

A

OXY BLOOD

lungs , 2 pairs pul.veins–>LA

89
Q

low pitch long sound

A

lub

90
Q

high pitch short sound

A

dub

91
Q

lub is the closure of

A

AV (ventricular systole )

92
Q

dub is the closure of

A

SMLV (ventricular diastole )

93
Q

what causes ECG waves

A

SA node - depolarisation- action potential

94
Q

electrocardiograph was found by

A

Einthoven

95
Q

electrocardiogram is

A

diagram

96
Q

electrocardiograph is

A

machine

97
Q

electrocardiography is

A

technique

98
Q

left ventricle is thicker than right ventricle

A

refer notes for movement of blood

99
Q

enlarged P wave -
enlarged Q&R wave -
elevated ST wave and flat T wave -
,indicates

A

enlarged atria
myocardial infarction
atherosclerotic heart disease

100
Q

which blood undergoes pulmonary circulation

A

deoxy blood

101
Q

pathway of pulmonary circulation

A

RV–>Lungs–>LA

102
Q

pathway of systemic circulation

A

LV–>tissues–>RA

103
Q

P wave

A

depolarisation

104
Q

T wave

A

repolarisation

105
Q

QRS wave

A

ventricular systole

106
Q

blood proteins are produced by

A

hepatic portal circulation

107
Q

movement of coronary circulation

A

aorta–>cradiac muscles–>coronary sinus –>RA

108
Q

how many tunics do blood vessels contain ?wha are they ?

A

3- tunica externa , tunica interna,tunica media

109
Q

tunica externa is made up of

A

fibrous CT+collagen fibres

110
Q

tunica media is made up of

A

smooth muscles +elastin fibres

111
Q

tunica interna is alao called as

A

tunica intima

112
Q

tunica interna is made up of

A

elastin membrane+endothelium

113
Q

what are the narrowest blood vessel?

A

capillaries

114
Q

why myogenic

A

autoregulated by nodal tissues

115
Q

which part of brain controls heart function ?

A

medulla oblongata (ANS)

116
Q

symphathetic nervous system produces

A

non arenaline - incfreases CO

117
Q

parasymphathetic nervous system produces

A

acetylcholine-decreases CO,beat

118
Q

sphygamomanometer measures

A

pulse strenght [40mmHg]

119
Q

hypertension heart rate

A

above 140/90 mmHg

120
Q

angina pectoris

A

acut chest pain

BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION (4 decks)

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