Body fluids and Circulation Flashcards
Two components of blood and composition?
Plasma-55% and
Formed elements 45%
Color of Plasma?
Straw Cloured
Components of Plasma and Composition
Water-90-92%
Proteins-6-8%
Major proteins of Blood
fibrinogen albumins globumins(FAG)
Fucntions of Blood proteins>
Fibrinogen-clotting/coagulation
albumins-osmotic balance
globulins-defense mech.
(immunoglobulins)
Mineral Composition of blood znd their state in blood,
Na+ Ca++ Mg++ Cl- Hco3-
glucose, Amino acids, Lipids
are always in transit
Clotting factors of blood are present in —-
Inactive form
Blood without clotting factors is called—-
Serum
Most abundant cells in Blood
RBCs
RBC and Hemoglobin levels in healthyhuman<
5-5.5 mil/100ml of blood
12-16g of hemoglobin/100 ml
RBC Birth, life span, death
Red bone marrow
120days
spleen(graveyard of RBC)
Why are leucocytes colourless.
No hemoglobin
Leucocytes are Nucleated.
(Just fkn remember that )
Granulocytes components and composition
Neutrophils(60-65%)
Eosinophils(2-3%)
Basophils(0.5-1%)
(NEB)
Functions of leucocytes and Monocytes and their composition out of total WBCs
Lymphocytes-Immunity-20-25%
Monocytes-Phagocytic-6-8%
Functions of granulocytes.
Neutrophils-Phagocytic
Eosinophils- allergic reactions and Resist infections
Basophils-inflammatory reactions( Heparin, serotonins ,histamines)
Thrombocytes Composition and functions.
1,500,000-3,500,000/mm3 of blood.
Thrombocytes release variety of substances. mostly for clotting
Rh incompatibility in case of Pregnancies is called and how can it be avoided
Erythroblastic foetalis.
By adminstrating anti-Rh antibodiesto the mother.
What is a Clot
Network of threads called Fibrins.
Fibrinogen—–>Fibrin. Enzyme required for this reaction is ?
Thrombin.
Role of Thrombokinase in blood clotting.
An enzyme complex, required for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
Thrombokinase formed by series of linked enzymatic reactions called.
cascade reaction.
Factors involved cascade reactions are present in——-.And are released by——– at the site of injury/trauma.
Inactive state.
Platelets.
What is a interstitial fluid.Its composition is similar to that of ———?
Water and Water soluble substances move out into the spaces between the cells of tissue as the blood passes through the the capillaries.
Its composition is similar to that of the blood plasma.
What components of blood do not seep into the interstial spaces.
larger proteins and the formed elements
What is a lymph and its Functions
The fluid present in the lymphatic tissues is known as the lymph. Colourless and containg the specialised lymphocytes
Carrier for Nutrients and Hormones.
Lymph is medium of exchange of —— and —– between the cells and the blood.
Nutrients and Gases
Function of intestinal Lacteals.
To absorb fats into the lymphatic system.
open and closed circulatory system are present in phylums.
Open-Arthropods and Molluscs.
Closed- Annelids and Chordates.
Why is a closed circulatory system considered advantageous.
The flow of fluids can be precisely regulated.
Bicuspid valve is also known as the……….. and is present in ——— side of heart
Mitral valve.
Left Side
(‘‘Bi’s are leftists’’)
Inter atrial; Inter ventricular; Atrio ventricular seprations
Thin Muscular; Thick walled; thick fiberous tissue.
Purkunje Fibres
Minute fibre of the nodal tissue branching from the AV bundle throughout the ventricular musculature.
number of action potentials generated by the nodal tissue.
Vary at different parts of the the nodal tissue.
SAN generates 70-75per min
What are nodal tissue.
Nodal tissues are specialised cardiac musculature.
*That are able to generate action potential without any external stimuli.
What are nodal tissue.
Nodal tissues are specialised cardiac musculature.
*That are able to generate action potential without any external stimuli.
What are nodal tissue.
Nodal tissues are specialised cardiac musculature.
*That are able to generate action potential without any external stimuli.
What are nodal tissue.
Nodal tissues are specialised cardiac musculature.
*That are able to generate action potential without any external stimuli.
