Body fluids Flashcards
which body fluid is responsible for metabolic reactions in the body?
Intracellular fluid
which body fluid provide nourishment to the cell
extracellular fluid
Whats the functions of extracellular fluid
-cell nourishment
-eliminate waste products
Whats the function of transcellular fluid?
-lubrication
-protection
Specific gravity of blood
1.05-1.06
Osmotic pressure of blood
28mm hg
Blood pH can be slightly acidic or slightly basic at 7.35. True or False
FALSE. 7.35 is specific! no more no less. (slightly alkaline)
Plasma is 90% of blood. True or false
False. 55%
Composition of plasma w/ percent
91% water
7% proteins
2% other solutes
The proteins present in the plasma
albumins
globulins
fibrinogen
haptoglobin
What will happen if there’s no albumin in the plasma?
Osmotic pressure will be affected therefore, there will be ineffective exchange of nutrients in the cells and blood
Whats the function of globulin?
Protects the immune system; Fights antigens
What will happen if theres no fibrinogen or if its defective?
There will be no blood clotting. Cant heal wounds. hemophilia
Whats the function of haptoglobulin?
Bind to free plasma hemoglobin. Carries Oxygen
Defective of no haptoglobulin will result to?
Anemia
Carbohydrates is also present in the blood/ plasma but in the form of?
Glucose
Plasma nitrogen is present in blood in the form of?
-urea
-uric acid
Inorganic ions is not present in blood. T or F.
FALSE NA FALSE. iron is present, etc.
True or false, not all vitamins are present in the blood plasma
False. ALL ARE PRESENT
What organ control blood cations through acid-base balance and hormonal influence.
Kidneys
It is normal to have more number of cations than the anions in the blood plasma. True or False.
FALSE! They should be electrically equal.
What are the blood buffer anions that maintain the blood ph at 7.35?
plasma proteins, haemoglobin,
oxyhaemoglobin, HCO3– and PO42–(phosphate).
How many percent does formed elements occupy in the blood?
45
True or False. Red blood cells have nucleus
False
What is hematocrit?
The measurement of RBC volume in percent after centrifugation. 3X the hemoglobin value.
High hematocrit value indicates?
Dehydration/ polycythemia
Low hematocrit value indicates?
Anemia/ overhydration
Hemoglobin is made of
protein (globin) + iron
Normal value of male haemoglobin
14-18 g/100mL
Normal value of female haemoglobin
12-16 g/100mL
Haemoglobin is synthesized from
acetic acid and glycine.
The product of acetic acid and glycine is called a
porphyrin
Porphyrin combines with iron to produce a
haeme molecule
What does Mean Copuscular Volume reflects?
RBC size
Low MCV means?
undersized RBC; Iron deficiency
High MCV means?
Oversized RBC; B12 or folic acid deficiency
Normal value of MCHC
34± 2
Normal value of MCV
90±10
Low MCHC may indicate?
Hypochromia
Hypochromia is a disease resulted from low MCHC. This means a person has a low?
Haemoglobin content
Normal value of reticulocyte count
0.5-1.5% of total RBC count
Increase count of reticulocyte occurs when a person is experiencing the following:
-Acute blood loss
-Haemolytic anemia
-Iron deficiency
It is a disease that caused by the rapid/fast destruction of RBC and triggers the increase production of reticulocytes
Haemolytic anemia
A condition indicated with low reticulocyte count; A condition where the bone marrow fails to produce enough blood cells.
Aplastic Anemia
Results from alteration of proteins. Measures how fast red blood cells (erythrocytes) settle at the bottom of a test tube over one hour.
Erythrocytes sedimentation rate
Normal rate of ESR
Male: 0-18mm/hr
Female: 0-20/hr
increased neutrophils indicate
infection
Increased basophils indicate
Allergic reaction
Increase Eosinophils indicate
Parasitic infection
Lymphocytes role
-Memory cells, create antibodies
Monocyte role
Phagocytic; create antigen
This is called the formation of all blood cells
Haemopoiesis
The cite of blood cell formation
Haemopoietic organs
In embryonic life where does the erythrocyte in produce?
spleen, liver, thymus
Regulate Erythropoiesis
Erythropoietin
