Body fluids Flashcards
1
Q
What are the clinical effects of too much water?
A
- Hyponatreaemia: low sodium in blood as water dilutes the electrolytes
- Oedema: pooling of fluid in the interstitial spaces
2
Q
What is molarity?
A
The measure of molecules within a solution (number of moles)
3
Q
What is osmolarity?
A
Number of osmotically active particles / litre of water (affected by temp)
Measure of particles within a solution (osmoles)
e.g. Solutes dissociate in water, so NaCl is a 1 Molar solution but 2 Osmolar
4
Q
What is osmolality?
A
Number of osmotically active particles / kg of water (independent of temp)
5
Q
Whats an isotonic solution?
A
- Solutes inside = solutes outside
- Net water movement unchanged and cells retain normal shape
6
Q
Whats a hypertonic solution?
A
- Solutes outside greater than inside
- Water moves out to dilute the outside
- cells shrink (crenate)
7
Q
Whats a hypotonic solution?
A
- Solutes outside less than the inside
- Water moves in to dilute the inside
- Cells swell and may lyse
8
Q
A
