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MLS 431 Chem & BF III > Body Fluid Review > Flashcards

Body Fluid Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Xanthochromic

A

Abnormal coloration of CSF (typically yellow).

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2
Q

Define Hyaluronate (hyaluronan)

A

A protein unique to synovial fluid that contributes to the higher viscosity.

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3
Q

Define effusion.

A

Abnormal buildup of fluid.

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4
Q

Define ascites.

A

Abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

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5
Q

Define steatorrhea.

A

Excessive discharge of fat in the feces.

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6
Q

Define myelin basic protein.

A

A unique protein constituent of myelin that is released in abnormally high amounts in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

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7
Q

Define pleocytosis.

A

Increased cell count.

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8
Q

Define oligoclonal bands.

A

Abnormal “banding” pattern of immunoglobulins detected with protein electrophoresis.

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9
Q

Define hydramnios

A

Abnormally increased amounts of amniotic fluid.

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10
Q

Define oligohydramnios.

A

Abnormally decreased amounts of amniotic fluid.

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11
Q

How will waiting too long to analyze a sample impact cell counts?

A

False decrease due to lysis.

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12
Q

How will waiting too long to analyze a sample impact chemical analytes?

A

Variable based on analyte.

Ex: Lactate falsely elevated due to increased glycolysis.

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13
Q

How will waiting too long to analyze a sample impact microbial analysis?

A

Variable.

False increase due to replication; false decrease due to organism death.

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14
Q

Collecting a synovial fluid sample for crystal analysis in a tube with powdered anticoagulant…

A

Can cause false-positives and impairs visualizations of true crystals.

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15
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for CSF collection and where is it collected?

A

Lumbar puncture: needle placed between 3rd/4th vertebrae.

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16
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for Synovial fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Arthrocentesis; direct aspiration from joint cavity.

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17
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for Pleural (serous) fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Thoracentesis; direct needle aspirate of fluid in the pleural space.

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18
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for pericardial (serous) fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Pericardiocentesis; direct needle aspirate of fluid in the pericardial space.

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19
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for peritoneal (serous) fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Abdominal paracentesis; direct needle aspirate of fluid in the pericardial space.

20
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for Amniotic fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Amniocentesis; ultrasound guided needle aspiration from amnion.

21
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for semen fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

Self-collection; must not use condoms or lubricants.

22
Q

What is the name of the procedure used for feces fluid collection and where is it collected?

A

No specific name; try to collect with limited contamination.

23
Q

What is the proper handling and processing of synovial fluid?

A

Analyze STAT; keep sterile; centrifuge for chemistry testing.

Use anticoagulants for cell counts; can use “hyaluronic acid” to reduce viscosity.

24
Q

What is the proper handling and processing of serous fluid?

A

Process STAT; collect simultaneous serum sample; check labeling and record total volume.

25
Q

What is the proper handling and processing of amniotic fluid?

A

Process STAT; amber-colored plastic for bilirubin; on ice for surfactants; room temp for cytology.

26
Q

What is the proper handling and processing of semen fluid?

A

Must be kept at body temp and delivered within 1 hour; note time of liquefaction.

27
Q

What is the proper handling and processing of a fecal specimen?

A

Clean, sealable, leak-proof container; volume needed is variable.

28
Q

What type of collection containers are needed for CSF?

A

Sterile tubes; no anticoagulants; each numbered 1 - 4. Fill in numerical order.

29
Q

What type of collection containers are needed for synovial fluid?

A

Sodium heparin - cell counts, crystal ID, cytologic studies

NaF optional for glucose and protein; no powdered anticoagulant for crystal analysis.

30
Q

What type of collection containers are needed for serous fluid?

A

Microbiology - sterile tube.

Cell counts and Cytology - sodium heparin or EDTA.

Chemistry - no anticoagulant.

31
Q

What type of collection containers are needed for semen?

A

Sterile, glass, leak-proof, sealable.

32
Q

What must be monitored during the collection process of CSF?

A

Pressures.

33
Q

Special testing of synovial fluid aids in determining if the sample is actually synovial fluid, these tests include…

A

Mucin clot or toluidine blue stain.

34
Q

What personal history of the patient must be checked prior to semen collection?

A

Time of abstinence.

35
Q

Tube 1 of CSF fluid is commonly used for…

A

Chemistry/Immunology

Chemistry tests are the least likely to be impacted by potential contamination during collection.

36
Q

Tube 2 of CSF fluid is commonly used for…

A

Microbiology

Less likely to contain contaminants than tube 1.

37
Q

Tube 3 of CSF fluid is commonly used for…

A

Hematology

This tube is the least likely to have “contaminant” cell present.

38
Q

Tube 4 of CSF fluid is commonly used for…

A

Extra tube; keep frozen for potential add-on testing.

39
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of CSF?

A

Clear; colorless; low viscosity.

40
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of synovial fluid?

A

Pale yellow; clear; high viscosity.

41
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of transudates?

A

Clear; pale yellow; does not clot spontaneously.

42
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of exudates?

A

Cloudy; variable color (yellow, green tinge, pink, red); often clots spontaneously.

43
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of amniotic fluid?

A

Colorless; cloudy to turbid (clarity decreases as pregnancy progresses).

44
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of semen?

A

Grayish/white; opalescent; some mucus and/or clumps present.

45
Q

What is the normal turbidity, color, and viscosity of feces?

A

Brown; formed; cylindrical.

MLS 431 Chem & BF III (1 decks)

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