Body Fluid compartment:Osmotic and Oncotic pressure

Question 1

What is Osmosis

Answer 1

Osmosis is the movement of fluid through a semipermeable membrane towards higher osmolar concentration of solute
In osmosis water goes where the solute is more concentrated.

Question 2

What is the Osmolarity of a solution

Answer 2

Osmolarity is the concentration of osmotically active particles. It is a measure of the concentration of particles in a solution, calculated as mM/L x g, where g is the number of particles associated with a molecule of solute in solution

Question 3

What gives the ability for Osmosis to happen

Answer 3

Osmosis is driven by differences in concentration of dissolved particles between two solutions

Question 4

What is the osmolarity value of the body

Answer 4

300mosm/L

Question 5

What is an isotonic solution

Answer 5

This is a solution that is the same concentration as the body

Question 6

What are some examples of isotonic solutions

Answer 6

150mM Nacl and 300mM glucose

Question 7

What is iso-osmotic

Answer 7

Same osmolar concentration

Question 8

What ions make up the intracellular and extracellular fluids

Answer 8

Sodium and potassium

Question 9

What is Osmotic pressure

Answer 9

The external pressure that would be required to prevent solvent flow across a membrane

Question 10

Higher solute concentrations have higher osmotic pressure and draw water.true or false?

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Less permeable solute exert more effective osmotic pressure.true or false

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What characteristic of Albumin makes it generate great osmotic pressure

Answer 12

Albumin is impermeable to cell membranes and contributes to the osmotic pressure of capillary fluid as “colloid osmotic pressure”, or “oncotic pressure”, favoring fluid movement into the circulation at capillaries as opposed to out

Question 13

What kind of pressure does albumin generate?

Answer 13

Colloid osmotic pressure or oncotic pressure.

Question 14

Does Albumin favor fluid movement into the circulation at capillaries or out of circulation?

Answer 14

Into circulation

Question 15

What are some examples of solutes that are permeable into the cell membrane

Answer 15

Urea is a rapidly permeating solute across the cell membrane; glycerol is a slowly permeating solute.

Question 16

What are some examples of solutes that are less permeable

Answer 16

sodium, Sucrose

Question 17

What is Tonicity?

Answer 17

Tonicity is the effective osmolarity of a solution, a measure of a solution’s ability to create an osmotic pressure gradient relative to another solution

Question 18

what is Relative osmolarity

Answer 18

refers to the concentration of osmotically active particles in a solution relative to a reference solution

Question 19

What is Relative tonicity

Answer 19

considers only the particles that are impermeant to the biological membrane separating two solutions.
eg: urea and NaCl

Question 20

What are the major body fluid compartments

Answer 20

1. Intracellular Fluid

2. Extracellular fluid:i)Interstitial Fluid.ii)Plasma

Question 21

What is the % of water in and ideal body size?

Answer 21

total body water (TBW) is ~60% of body weight, or 42 L in 70 kg person

Question 22

How is the total body water volume divided by volume between the ICF,ECF,ISF and Plasma

Answer 22

Intracellular fluid (ICF) = 2/3 TBW (28L)
Extracellular fluid(ECF) = 1/3 TBW (14 L)
Interstitial fluid (ISF) = ~3/4 ECF (11 L)
Plasma vol (PV) = ~1/4 ECF (3L)

Question 23

In increasing order, who has the highest amount of TBW per gender

Answer 23

old women,old men,young women,young men,infant

Question 24

in the ECF,% of Cations in the plasma is > % in the ISF

True or False?

Answer 24

True(Nakcm) sodium,potassium,calcium,magnesium)

Question 25

What physiological response happens when plasma osmolarity rises greater than 2%

Answer 25

elicit a thirst response, as well as a systemic response to retain fluid (i.e., decrease urine, sweat and saliva production), to keep cells “shrinking” and the intracellular electrolyte concentrations from rising

Question 26

What indicator is used for plasma body compartment

Answer 26

Evans Blue

Question 27

What indicator is used for ECF body compartment

Answer 27

Inulin

Question 28

What indicator is Used for TBW

Answer 28

Tritiated water

Question 29

Calc Volume of ICF

Answer 29

Intracellular Fluid = TBW-ECF

Question 30

Calc Volume of ISF

Answer 30

Interstitial Fluid = ECF- Plasma

Question 31

Calculate Volume in a compartment

Answer 31

Volume (L) = Amount of indicator injected (mg) /

Final concentration of indicator (mg/L)

Question 32

cation that contributes most to intracellular fluid is?

Answer 32

Potassium

Question 33

Which of the following is the most abundant in plasma

Na,K,Bicarb,cl,protein

Answer 33

Sodium

Question 34

cation most in extracellular fluid

Answer 34

sodium

Question 35

ANion contribute most in intracellular fluid

Answer 35

phosphate

Question 36

Anion contribute most in Extracellular fluid

Answer 36

Chloride

Question 37

an increase in tissue hydrostatic pressure will cause fluid shifts from were to were?

Answer 37

from interstitial fluid space into the vascular (plasma) compartment