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Body Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Total body water volume

A

42L

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2
Q

Intracellular fluid volume?

A

28L

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3
Q

What 2 things are extracellular fluid made up of?

A

Interstitial fluid and plasma

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4
Q

Interstitial fluid volume?

A

11L

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5
Q

Plasma volume?

A

3L

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6
Q

What is the mOsm of the fluids in the body?

A

300

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7
Q

Equation for TBW?

A

ICF + ECF

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8
Q

Equation for ECF?

A

IF + Plasma

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9
Q

ICF is high in what 4 things?

A

K
Mg
Proteins
HPO4

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10
Q

ECF is high in what 4 things?

A

Na
Ca
Cl
HCO3

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11
Q

What is the determiner of ICF toxicity and volume?

A

K

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12
Q

What is the determiner of ECF tonicity and volume?

A

Na

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13
Q

What is plasma high of?

A

Proteins

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14
Q

What is Gibbs-Donna effect?

A

Charged particles don’t distribute evenly in plasma because high in proteins (-charge)

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15
Q

What 2 things move fluids between compartments?

A
  1. Osmotic forces

2. Hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces

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16
Q

Typically most volume disturbances originate where?

A

ECF

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17
Q

What are the 3 effective osmoles?

A
  1. Na
  2. Glucose
  3. Mannitol
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18
Q

Plasma osmolality equation?

A

(2xNa)+(glucose/18)+(BUN/2.8)

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19
Q

What is the normal range of plasma osmolality?

A

285-295 mOsm/kg

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20
Q

What happens with movement in cell with hypotonic?

A

Cell is saltier so fluid rushes into cell and swells it

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21
Q

What happens with movement in cell with hypertonic?

A

Cell is less saltier so fluid moves out of cell and shrinks it

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22
Q

What do crystalloids contain?

A

Water and electrolytes

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23
Q

Crystalloids have what kind of crossing of membrane?

A

Semipermeable

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24
Q

2 isotonic crystalloids:

A

LR and .9% saline

25
Hypertonic crystalloids:
3% saline
26
2 Hypotonic crystalloids:
.45% saline and 5% dextrose
27
Colloids contain what?
Macromolecules (hetastarch and dextrans) dispersed in solvent
28
What 3 things do colloids do?
1. Increase plasma oncotic pressure 2. Attract water from extra vascular space into blood vessels 3. Maintain blood volume
29
Where does colloids remain?
In intravascular space longer than crystalloids (days)
30
What percentage is total body water?
60%
31
What percent of body weight is intracellular fluid?
40%
32
What percent of body weight is extracellular fluid?
20%
33
What percent of intracellular fluid is of TBW?
67%
34
What percent is extracellular fluid of TBW?
33%
35
How to calculate total blood volume?
Plasma volume/(1-Hct)
36
How many liters in normal interstitial fluid?
10.5
37
How many liters is normal intravascular plasma?
3.5
38
How much fluid do adipocytes hold fluid?
10%
39
If you use 40 and 20% of weight with factors (obesity, gender, or age) will the volumes be overestimated or understestimated?
Overestimate
40
Percent of TBW for male body (apple)?
60%
41
Percent of TBW of women body (pear)?
55%
42
Percent of TBW for infants?
70%
43
Percent of TBW for elders?
50%
44
Fluid shift disturbances are categorized according to whether they involve an increase or decrease where?
ECF volume
45
Where is AVP/ADH released from and in response to what?
Posterior pituitary | Increased blood Osm
46
Why is RAAS activated in response to?
Losses of plasma volume
47
What is major renal effects of RAAS?
Reabsorb Na in the renal tubules but water follows so this dampen the loss of plasma volume
48
Plasma [K] is regulated by taking up or releasing K largely from where?
Skeletal muscle
49
What 4 things cause a K+ shift in?
1. Insulin 2. B agonists 3. Aldosterone 4. Alkalosis
50
K shift in leads to hyperkalemia or hypokalemia?
Hypokalemia
51
What 4 things cause K+ shift out of cell?
1. Hyperosmolarity 2. Exercise 3. Cell lysis 4. Acidosis
52
A K+ shift out cause hyperkalemia or hypokalemia?
Hyperkalemia
53
If K into cell then what does H do?
Out of cells
54
Increased plasma K+ triggers hormonal response of what 3 things?
Insulin Epi Aldosterone
55
Increased plasma K triggers hormonal response which helps what?
Increase expression of Na/K to help transfer K into muscle cells
56
What is the direct action of K+ and does not involve the RAAS system?
More K into muscle cells allows time for kidneys to excrete excess K without the threat of hyperkalemia
57
Because Kicf/Kecf determines the resting membrane potential, shifts in plasma can induce what?
Arrhythmias
58
Hypokalemia ECG (2)
- delayed ventricle repolarization | - prominent U wave
59
Hyperkalemia ECG (5)
- partial depolarization causing Vfib - wide/flat P wave - widened QRS - decreased R wave amplitude - tall, peaked T waves

Phys 2 (5 decks)

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