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Phys 2 > Body Fluid > Flashcards

Body Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Total body water volume

A

42L

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2
Q

Intracellular fluid volume?

A

28L

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3
Q

What 2 things are extracellular fluid made up of?

A

Interstitial fluid and plasma

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4
Q

Interstitial fluid volume?

A

11L

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5
Q

Plasma volume?

A

3L

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6
Q

What is the mOsm of the fluids in the body?

A

300

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7
Q

Equation for TBW?

A

ICF + ECF

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8
Q

Equation for ECF?

A

IF + Plasma

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9
Q

ICF is high in what 4 things?

A

K
Mg
Proteins
HPO4

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10
Q

ECF is high in what 4 things?

A

Na
Ca
Cl
HCO3

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11
Q

What is the determiner of ICF toxicity and volume?

A

K

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12
Q

What is the determiner of ECF tonicity and volume?

A

Na

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13
Q

What is plasma high of?

A

Proteins

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14
Q

What is Gibbs-Donna effect?

A

Charged particles don’t distribute evenly in plasma because high in proteins (-charge)

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15
Q

What 2 things move fluids between compartments?

A
  1. Osmotic forces

2. Hydrostatic and colloid osmotic forces

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16
Q

Typically most volume disturbances originate where?

A

ECF

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17
Q

What are the 3 effective osmoles?

A
  1. Na
  2. Glucose
  3. Mannitol
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18
Q

Plasma osmolality equation?

A

(2xNa)+(glucose/18)+(BUN/2.8)

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19
Q

What is the normal range of plasma osmolality?

A

285-295 mOsm/kg

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20
Q

What happens with movement in cell with hypotonic?

A

Cell is saltier so fluid rushes into cell and swells it

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21
Q

What happens with movement in cell with hypertonic?

A

Cell is less saltier so fluid moves out of cell and shrinks it

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22
Q

What do crystalloids contain?

A

Water and electrolytes

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23
Q

Crystalloids have what kind of crossing of membrane?

A

Semipermeable

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24
Q

2 isotonic crystalloids:

A

LR and .9% saline

25
Q

Hypertonic crystalloids:

A

3% saline

26
Q

2 Hypotonic crystalloids:

A

.45% saline and 5% dextrose

27
Q

Colloids contain what?

A

Macromolecules (hetastarch and dextrans) dispersed in solvent

28
Q

What 3 things do colloids do?

A
  1. Increase plasma oncotic pressure
  2. Attract water from extra vascular space into blood vessels
  3. Maintain blood volume
29
Q

Where does colloids remain?

A

In intravascular space longer than crystalloids (days)

30
Q

What percentage is total body water?

A

60%

31
Q

What percent of body weight is intracellular fluid?

A

40%

32
Q

What percent of body weight is extracellular fluid?

A

20%

33
Q

What percent of intracellular fluid is of TBW?

A

67%

34
Q

What percent is extracellular fluid of TBW?

A

33%

35
Q

How to calculate total blood volume?

A

Plasma volume/(1-Hct)

36
Q

How many liters in normal interstitial fluid?

A

10.5

37
Q

How many liters is normal intravascular plasma?

A

3.5

38
Q

How much fluid do adipocytes hold fluid?

A

10%

39
Q

If you use 40 and 20% of weight with factors (obesity, gender, or age) will the volumes be overestimated or understestimated?

A

Overestimate

40
Q

Percent of TBW for male body (apple)?

A

60%

41
Q

Percent of TBW of women body (pear)?

A

55%

42
Q

Percent of TBW for infants?

A

70%

43
Q

Percent of TBW for elders?

A

50%

44
Q

Fluid shift disturbances are categorized according to whether they involve an increase or decrease where?

A

ECF volume

45
Q

Where is AVP/ADH released from and in response to what?

A

Posterior pituitary

Increased blood Osm

46
Q

Why is RAAS activated in response to?

A

Losses of plasma volume

47
Q

What is major renal effects of RAAS?

A

Reabsorb Na in the renal tubules but water follows so this dampen the loss of plasma volume

48
Q

Plasma [K] is regulated by taking up or releasing K largely from where?

A

Skeletal muscle

49
Q

What 4 things cause a K+ shift in?

A
  1. Insulin
  2. B agonists
  3. Aldosterone
  4. Alkalosis
50
Q

K shift in leads to hyperkalemia or hypokalemia?

A

Hypokalemia

51
Q

What 4 things cause K+ shift out of cell?

A
  1. Hyperosmolarity
  2. Exercise
  3. Cell lysis
  4. Acidosis
52
Q

A K+ shift out cause hyperkalemia or hypokalemia?

A

Hyperkalemia

53
Q

If K into cell then what does H do?

A

Out of cells

54
Q

Increased plasma K+ triggers hormonal response of what 3 things?

A

Insulin
Epi
Aldosterone

55
Q

Increased plasma K triggers hormonal response which helps what?

A

Increase expression of Na/K to help transfer K into muscle cells

56
Q

What is the direct action of K+ and does not involve the RAAS system?

A

More K into muscle cells allows time for kidneys to excrete excess K without the threat of hyperkalemia

57
Q

Because Kicf/Kecf determines the resting membrane potential, shifts in plasma can induce what?

A

Arrhythmias

58
Q

Hypokalemia ECG (2)

A
  • delayed ventricle repolarization

- prominent U wave

59
Q

Hyperkalemia ECG (5)

A
  • partial depolarization causing Vfib
  • wide/flat P wave
  • widened QRS
  • decreased R wave amplitude
  • tall, peaked T waves

Phys 2 (5 decks)

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