Body design and terms of direction Flashcards
____ - an animal body that can be divided into similar halves by a cut in any direction through the center.
Spherical or Universal
-an animal form that can be divided into similar parts radiating out from the central axis.
Radial
refers to the symmetry of an oval-bodied animal, - in which, because of some parts that are single or paired rather than radial, only planes passing through the oral-aboral axis produce mirrored halves.
Biradial
- a body form that can be divided into two equal halves by a lengthwise/median plane.
Bilateral
-body form that can be divided with no particular shape, hence without definite arrangement of parts or form.
Asymmetry
-toward the back
Dorsal
- toward the front
Ventral
-toward or beyond the side of the body
Lateral
-toward the median plane
Mesal
- head end
Cephalic/Cranial
toward the front
Anterior
-tail end
Caudal
toward the back
Posterior
- hip region
Pelvic
-chest region
Pectoral
-mouth region
Oral
-region not bearing the mouth
Aboral
-nearer or towards the point of reference
Proximal/Basal
-far or away from the point of reference
Distal/Apical
- near the external surface of the body
Ectal/Superficial
- near or at the center of the body
Ental/Deep
refers to the vertical longitudinal plane running through the body.
Sagittal
-the plane at the right angle to the median plane, parallel to the dorsal and ventral surface.
Horizontal/Frontal
- the line from side to side.
Transverse/Cross-section
- the line in the median/ sagittal plane extending from head to tail.
Longitudinal/Anteroposterior Axis
. - from the dorsal to the ventral surface.
Dorso/Ventral Axis
closest to the surface of the body
peripheral
nearest the middle of the body
central
