Body Chemistry 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Cell membrane

A

A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell.

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1
Q

Cell wall

A

A rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

In cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell’s activities

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3
Q

Organelle

A

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell.

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4
Q

Nuclear Envelope

A

Lets materials pass in and out the nucleus

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5
Q

Nucleolus

A

A round structure in the nucleus where ribosomes are made

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6
Q

Ribosomes

A

A small grain-shaped organelle in the cytoplasm of a cell that produces proteins.

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7
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The thick fluid region of a cell located inside the cell membrane (in prokaryotes) or between the cell membrane and nucleus (in eukaryotes).

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8
Q

Mitochondria

A

Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions.

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9
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

An organelle that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.

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10
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

An organelle in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell.

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11
Q

Vacuole

A

A sac-like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials.

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12
Q

Lysosome

A

A cell organelle which contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones and that can be used by the rest of the cell.

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13
Q

Chloroplasts

A

An organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes it to an energy form that cells can use in making food.

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