Body At War Flashcards
What is a disease?
Any change that impairs the function of an individual in some way and causes harm to the individual. (something like this)
What is a non-infectious disease?
A disease that cannot be spread from one organism to another. (something like this)
What is an infectious disease?
A disease that is contagious (can be spread from one organism to another) and caused by a pathogen. (something like this)
What is a pathogen?
A disease-producing organism. (something like this)
What is a cellular pathogen?
A pathogen that is made up of cells, such as a tapeworm, fungus or bacterium. (something like this)
What is a quarantine?
Strict isolation of sick people from others for a period of time (originally 40 days) in order to prevent the spread of disease. (something like this)
What is a vector?
An organism that carries a pathogen between other organisms without being affected by the disease the pathogen causes; an organism that carries and disperses reproductive structures (e.g. pollen) of a different species. (something like this)
What is a parasite?
Organism that lives in or on another organism. The parasite benefits while usually harming the host organism. (something like this)
What is a host?
Organism living in a relationship with another organism. The host supplies something needed by the other organism (called the parasite). (something like this)
What is a primary host?
The organism that a parasite lives in or on in its adult stage. (something like this)
What is an intermediate host/a secondary host?
The organism that a parasite lives in or on in its larval stage. (something like this)
What is an endoparasite?
Parasite that lives inside the body of its host organism. (something like this)
What is an ectoparasite?
Parasite that lives outside the body of its host organism. (something like this)
What is a prion? What does it do to spread within the body?
A prion is a non-cellular organism. It converts your normal protein into prion protein, then when a cell containing the prion bursts it spreads. (something like this)
What is a virus? Why is it possibly non-living?
A virus is a non-cellular pathogen which can not reproduce without infecting a host cell and that’s why it is considered non-living. (something like this)
Name the correct term for these things in the order written: A spherical bacterium, A rod-shaped bacterium, A spiral-shaped bacterium.
Coccus (A spherical bacterium), Bacillus (A rod-shaped bacterium), Spirochaete (A spiral-shaped bacterium).
What is a fungi?
A fungi is an organism such as a mushroom or moulds that help decompose dead or decaying matter. (something like this)
What is a plague?
A plague is a contagious disease that spreads rapidly through a population and results in high mortality. (death rates) (something like this)
What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic?
An epidemic only affects a large number of people where a pandemic is over a or multiple continent/s. (something like this)
What are surface proteins?
Surface proteins are molecules of protein that occur on the surface of a virus. (something like this)
What is an antigen?
An antigen is a substance that stimulate the production of antibodies. (something like this)
What is inflammation?
Inflammation is the bodies reaction to an infection. (something like this)
What are the common symptoms of inflammation?
The common symptoms of inflammation are heat, redness, swelling and pain.
What is the lymphatic system?
The body system which is involved in draining fluid from the tissues and helps to defend against invasion by disease-causing agents. (something like this)
What are lymphocytes?
Small white blood cells present in large numbers which combat microbial invasion, fight cancer and neutralise toxic chemicals. (something like this)
What is the difference between a B lymphocyte and a T lymphocyte?
A B lymphocyte produces antibodies that assist in the destruction of invading pathogens, T lymphocytes are the ones that actually destroy the invading pathogens.(something like this)
What is a memory cell?
A memory cell is a type of lymphocyte that is formed after the infection of a pathogen. They ‘remember’ a specific pathogen encountered so you can defeat it easier later.
What is a vaccination?
Administering a vaccine to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop immunity to a disease. (something like this)
What is an immunity?
Resistance to a particular disease-causing pathogen. (something like this)
What is the difference between Active and Passive Immunity?
Active Immunity was achieved by your own body whereas Passive Immunity comes from outside your body like a vaccination. (something like this)
