Body At War

Question 1

What is a disease?

Answer 1

Any change that impairs the function of an individual in some way and causes harm to the individual. (something like this)

Question 2

What is a non-infectious disease?

Answer 2

A disease that cannot be spread from one organism to another. (something like this)

Question 3

What is an infectious disease?

Answer 3

A disease that is contagious (can be spread from one organism to another) and caused by a pathogen. (something like this)

Question 4

What is a pathogen?

Answer 4

A disease-producing organism. (something like this)

Question 5

What is a cellular pathogen?

Answer 5

A pathogen that is made up of cells, such as a tapeworm, fungus or bacterium. (something like this)

Question 6

What is a quarantine?

Answer 6

Strict isolation of sick people from others for a period of time (originally 40 days) in order to prevent the spread of disease. (something like this)

Question 7

What is a vector?

Answer 7

An organism that carries a pathogen between other organisms without being affected by the disease the pathogen causes; an organism that carries and disperses reproductive structures (e.g. pollen) of a different species. (something like this)

Question 8

What is a parasite?

Answer 8

Organism that lives in or on another organism. The parasite benefits while usually harming the host organism. (something like this)

Question 9

What is a host?

Answer 9

Organism living in a relationship with another organism. The host supplies something needed by the other organism (called the parasite). (something like this)

Question 10

What is a primary host?

Answer 10

The organism that a parasite lives in or on in its adult stage. (something like this)

Question 11

What is an intermediate host/a secondary host?

Answer 11

The organism that a parasite lives in or on in its larval stage. (something like this)

Question 12

What is an endoparasite?

Answer 12

Parasite that lives inside the body of its host organism. (something like this)

Question 13

What is an ectoparasite?

Answer 13

Parasite that lives outside the body of its host organism. (something like this)

Question 14

What is a prion? What does it do to spread within the body?

Answer 14

A prion is a non-cellular organism. It converts your normal protein into prion protein, then when a cell containing the prion bursts it spreads. (something like this)

Question 15

What is a virus? Why is it possibly non-living?

Answer 15

A virus is a non-cellular pathogen which can not reproduce without infecting a host cell and that’s why it is considered non-living. (something like this)

Question 16

Name the correct term for these things in the order written: A spherical bacterium, A rod-shaped bacterium, A spiral-shaped bacterium.

Answer 16

Coccus (A spherical bacterium), Bacillus (A rod-shaped bacterium), Spirochaete (A spiral-shaped bacterium).

Question 17

What is a fungi?

Answer 17

A fungi is an organism such as a mushroom or moulds that help decompose dead or decaying matter. (something like this)

Question 18

What is a plague?

Answer 18

A plague is a contagious disease that spreads rapidly through a population and results in high mortality. (death rates) (something like this)

Question 19

What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic?

Answer 19

An epidemic only affects a large number of people where a pandemic is over a or multiple continent/s. (something like this)

Question 20

What are surface proteins?

Answer 20

Surface proteins are molecules of protein that occur on the surface of a virus. (something like this)

Question 21

What is an antigen?

Answer 21

An antigen is a substance that stimulate the production of antibodies. (something like this)

Question 22

What is inflammation?

Answer 22

Inflammation is the bodies reaction to an infection. (something like this)

Question 23

What are the common symptoms of inflammation?

Answer 23

The common symptoms of inflammation are heat, redness, swelling and pain.

Question 24

What is the lymphatic system?

Answer 24

The body system which is involved in draining fluid from the tissues and helps to defend against invasion by disease-causing agents. (something like this)

Question 25

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 25

Small white blood cells present in large numbers which combat microbial invasion, fight cancer and neutralise toxic chemicals. (something like this)

Question 26

What is the difference between a B lymphocyte and a T lymphocyte?

Answer 26

A B lymphocyte produces antibodies that assist in the destruction of invading pathogens, T lymphocytes are the ones that actually destroy the invading pathogens.(something like this)

Question 27

What is a memory cell?

Answer 27

A memory cell is a type of lymphocyte that is formed after the infection of a pathogen. They ‘remember’ a specific pathogen encountered so you can defeat it easier later.

Question 28

What is a vaccination?

Answer 28

Administering a vaccine to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop immunity to a disease. (something like this)

Question 29

What is an immunity?

Answer 29

Resistance to a particular disease-causing pathogen. (something like this)

Question 30

What is the difference between Active and Passive Immunity?

Answer 30

Active Immunity was achieved by your own body whereas Passive Immunity comes from outside your body like a vaccination. (something like this)