Body as a Whole

Question 1

chromatin

Answer 1

substance made of DNA. Forms chromosomes during cell division

Question 2

chromosome

Answer 2

Body in nucleus that contains DNA and genes

Question 3

cytosol

Answer 3

fluid part of cell

Question 4

electrolyte

Answer 4

forms electrically charged particles

Question 5

hormone

Answer 5

chemical that stimulates or inhibits the function of an organ

Question 6

intracellular

Answer 6

within the cell

Question 7

metabolism

Answer 7

constant changing physical and chemical process occurring in the cell

Question 8

synthesis

Answer 8

the process of building a compound from different elements

Question 9

anabolism

Answer 9

buildup of complex substances in the cell from simpler ones as a part of metabolism

Question 10

catabolism

Answer 10

breakdown of complex substances into simpler ones as a part of metabolism

Question 11

mitochondrion

Answer 11

organelle that generates, releases, and stores energy

Question 12

lysosome

Answer 12

enzyme that digests foreign materials and worn out cell components

Question 13

ribosome

Answer 13

structure in the cell that assembles amino acids into protein

Question 14

epithelium

Answer 14

Tissue that covers surfaces or lines cavities

Question 15

excrete

Answer 15

To pass waste products of metabolism out of the body

Question 16

histology

Answer 16

structure and function of cells, tissues, and organs

Question 17

secrete

Answer 17

to produce a chemical substance in a cell and release it

Question 18

capsule

Answer 18

fibrous tissue layer surrounding a joint or some other structure

Question 19

chondrocyte

Answer 19

cartilage cell

Question 20

matrix

Answer 20

substance that surrounds cells, is manufactured by the cells, and holds them together

Question 21

synovial

Answer 21

relating to or denoting a type of joint surrounded by a thick flexible membrane forming a sac that secretes fluid and lubricates joint

Question 22

homeostasis

Answer 22

stability or equilibrium of a system or body’s internal environment

Question 23

epigenetics

Answer 23

study of disorders produced by the effects of chemical compounds or environmental influences on genes

Question 24

genome

Answer 24

a complete set of chromosomes

Question 25

histone

Answer 25

simple protein found in the cell nucleus

Question 26

karyotype

Answer 26

the chromosome characteristics of an individual cell

Question 27

mitosis

Answer 27

cell division to create two identical cells, each with 46 chromosomes

Question 28

phenotype

Answer 28

manifestation of a genome

Question 29

caudal

Answer 29

pertaining to or nearer to the tail

Question 30

cephalic

Answer 30

pertaining to or nearer to the head

Question 31

coronal

Answer 31

pertaining to the vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions

Question 32

dorsal

Answer 32

pertaining to the back or situated behind

Question 33

frontal

Answer 33

relating to the anterior part of the body

Question 34

transverse

Answer 34

pertaining to the horizontal plan

Question 35

ventral

Answer 35

pertaining to the abdomen or situated nearer the surface of the abdomen

Question 36

epigastrium

Answer 36

upper central region of the abdomen between costal margins and subcostal plane

Question 37

hypochondriac

Answer 37

below the cartilage below the ribs

Question 38

hypogastric

Answer 38

pertaining to the abdominal region below the stomach

Question 39

inguinal

Answer 39

pertaining to the groin