Body Flashcards
What does the nose help you do
It helps bring oxygen to the lungs
What is a trachea
The trachea, or windpipe, carries air to and from the lungs. It is made of C-shaped rings of rigid cartilage (to prevent it from collapsing).
What is a bronchus and a bronchioles
We have two bronchi. Each bronchus carries air between the trachea and a lung. The two bronchi subdivide many times to form tiny tubes called bronchioles. Bronchioles carry air to and from the air-sacs, or alveoli.
What is a alveolus and what does it do
Each lung contains millions of tiny air-sacs called alveoli.
The function of each alveolus is gas exchange:
Oxygen passes from the air in the alveolus into the blood vessels
At the same time carbon dioxide and water pass from the blood vessels into each alveolus
The gases pass in each direction by a process called diffusion.
As an adaptation for diffusion each alveolus has a very thin lining, is moist and is surrounded by many tiny blood vessels called capillaries. For more on diffusion see chapter 13 in
Chemical World.
Ingestion
Taking in food
Digestion
Breaking food down
Absorption
taking digested food from our intestines into our blood
Assimilation
using the food in the cells of the body
Egestion
discharge of undigested waste.
Teeth
There are four types of teeth in the adult human jaw. The sequence of the teeth from the front to the back of the jaw is shown in Figure 5.2 and given in Table 5.1.
What is physical digestion?
Physical digestion is the breakdown of food using mechanical or physical methods.
Assimilation
Using the food in the cells of the body
What are Enzymes
enzymes to prom down food
• Enzymes are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction
What is bile
• Bile made in liver to break down fats
What does pancreas make
digestive juIces which contain enzyme
