Bodily functions Flashcards
Where is sperm produced?
In the testes
How much sperm is produced in testes?
200-300 million per day
What are testes?
Two small organs located inside the scrotum
What hormones are responsible for secondary sexual characteristics?
oestrogen in females, testosterone in males
Where is oestrogen produced?
Ovaries
What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus
Name some female secondary sexual characteristics
Enlarged breasts, pubic hair growth, hips widen, menstrual cycle begins
Name some male secondary sexual characteristics
Growth of facial hair, voice deepens, increase muscle mass and strength
What is the function of the oesophagus?
move food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach
What is the position of the oesophagus?
Centre of the chest in the mediastinum
What structure does the oesophagus pass through?
it begins at the back of the mouth, passing downward through the rear part of the mediastinum, through the diaphragm and into the stomach
What is the stomachs action?
storing food, breaking down, and moving food to the small intestine
How does the stomach help with digestion?
the stomach holds the food and mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the food down into liquid or paste
What type of acid helps with digestion in the stomach?
Hydrochloric acid
How does the small bowel contribute to absorption?
absorbs nutrients from digested food by increasing its surface area and producing digestive juices
What are the four main components of blood?
Plasma, White blood cells, Red blood cells, Platelets
What is the structure of the heart made of?
4 chambers, valves, vessels,
Which valves prevent back flow into the left atrium?
mitral
Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
What are the names of white blood cells?
Neutrophils, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, and Basophils
What should NOT pass through the kidney filtration system?
Blood cells and Large Proteins
What products are excreted by the kidneys?
Urine and excess water
What does NITROGENOUS mean?
Containing nitrogen
What is the SYMPATHETIC nervous system?
Nerves that prepare the body for fight or flight
what is the PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system?
nerves that help your body relax
Which nervous system would be stimulated if you was in danger?
SYMPATHETIC
Where does a nerve cell receive its signal at?
Dendrite
What are the 4 parts of the RENAL system?
Ureter, Urethra, Kidney, Bladder
