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Tylers Stuff > Boatcrew > Flashcards

Boatcrew Flashcards

1
Q

An “offshore life jacket” is what type of PFD?

A

Type 1

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2
Q

Which type of wearable PFD is required to be reversible?

A

Type 1

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3
Q

A child size Type 1 PFD provides how many pounds of buoyancy?

A

11

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4
Q

An adult size Type 1 PFD provides how many pounds of buoyancy?

A

20

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5
Q

What color are Type 1 PFDs?

A

International Orange

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6
Q

What PFD is designed to turn most unconscious wearers in the water to a vertical or slightly backward position?

A

Type 1

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7
Q

What disadvantage does type 1 PFD have, and is not recommended for boat crews?

A

Restricted mobility

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8
Q

What side should a person enter the water from a vessel?

A

Windward

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9
Q

A “near shore buoyant vest” is what type of PFD?

A

Type 2

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10
Q

This type of PFD will turn some unconscious wearers to a face-up position in the water?

A

Type 2

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11
Q

Type 2 PFDs depending on size, provides how much pounds of buoyancy?

A

7 to 15.5 lbs

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12
Q

What is the minimum pounds of buoyancy for a Type 3 PFD?

A

15.5 lbs

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13
Q

A “float coat” is what type of PFD?

A

Type 3

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14
Q

Will the Type 3 PFD provide adequate level of buoyancy when worn with full complement of law enforcement gear?

A

No

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15
Q

Buoyant cushions, ring buoys, and life rings are what type of PFD?

A

Type 4

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16
Q

Ring buoys must be either orange or _____ in color?

A

White

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17
Q

Anti-exposure coveralls, immersion suits, and CG authorized hybrid auto/manual inflatables are what type of PFD?

A

Type 5

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18
Q

How far is the yellow-green light PML visible on a clear night?

A

1 mile

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19
Q

How long does a PML last?

A

8 hours

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20
Q

Units shall use the distress signal light rather than a PML when normally operating in temperatures below what?

A

50 degrees

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21
Q

How thick is the neoprene on standard CG wetsuit?

A

3/16”

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22
Q

When are cutter swimmers required to wear the orange hood?

A

Below 50 degrees

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23
Q

Can the boat crew survival best be worn over an inflatable PFD?

A

No

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24
Q

Can you substitute the distress signal for a PML when using the survival vest?

A

No

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25
Q

How far can light from a signal mirror be seen?

A

Great distance

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26
Q

How far can an emergency whistle be heard?

A

1000-1100 yards

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27
Q

How long does the MK-124 burn for?

A

20 sec per side

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28
Q

What angle do you hold the MK-124?

A

45 degrees

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29
Q

The MK-79 contains how many flares?

A

7

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30
Q

What color is the MK-79?

A

Red

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31
Q

What is the altitude of the MK-79 flare?

A

250-650 feet

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32
Q

How long does the MK-79 burn for?

A

4.5 sec

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33
Q

How much candle power is the MK-79 flare?

A

12,000

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34
Q

If MK-79 fails to fire a second time, how long do you wait before unscrewing?

A

30 sec

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35
Q

The distress signal will flash approx. how many times per minute?

A

50

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36
Q

What is the luminous intensity of the distress signal?

A

100,000 candle power

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37
Q

How long will the distress signal last?

A

9 hours continuously

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38
Q

What is the visibility of the distress signal on a clear night?

A

5 miles

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39
Q

What color is the MK-127?

A

White

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40
Q

How high will the MK-127 fire?

A

650-750 feet

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41
Q

How long will the MK-127 burn for?

A

36 sec

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42
Q

What is the luminous intensity of the MK-127?

A

125,000 candle power

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43
Q

What is the decent rate of the MK-127?

A

10-15 feet per sec

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44
Q

What angle should the MK-127 be held when fired?

A

90 degrees

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45
Q

How many pounds of force is required to break the weak link of the life raft?

A

500 lbs

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46
Q

Who should exit a capsized vessel first?

A

Best swimmer

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47
Q

Line used on CG boats are classified in how many ways?

A

2; Material and size

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48
Q

Small stuff is line up to what circumference?

A

1.5”

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49
Q

Regular line is what circumference?

A

1.5” to 5”

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50
Q

Hawser is line of what circumference?

A

5” and over

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51
Q

Strands twisted to either the right of the left is known as?

A

Lay

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52
Q

Made only from synthetics and 50% of its strength is in the core?

A

Double-braided

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53
Q

Made of eight strands, four right-twisted and four left-twisted?

A

Plaited

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54
Q

Made from fibers of the abaca plant and is the strongest and most expensive of the natural fibers?

A

Manila

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55
Q

Made from the agave plant and is rated 80% of Manila strength?

A

Sisal

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56
Q

What are the four natural fiber lines types?

A

Manual, sisal, hemp and cotton

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57
Q

Should you use natural fiber line as a tow line?

A

No

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58
Q

This synthetic line fiber is about 80% of the strength of nylon and only stretches 10% of its original length?

A

Dacron

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59
Q

The strongest of synthetic lines?

A

Nylon

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60
Q

This line is half the strength of nylon, 25% lighter and floats in water?

A

Polyethylene and Polypropylene

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61
Q

This line is used where the line must bear a load?

A

Nylon

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62
Q

The only line used for towlines on CG boats?

A

Double-braided Nylon

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63
Q

This refers to the stretch of the line?

A

Elongation

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64
Q

This refers to the ability of the line to recover from elongation?

A

Elasticity

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65
Q

The point where the static pulling force becomes such that any increase in engine load could lead to damage to the engine of the towing boat?

A

Bollard Pull

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66
Q

What is the preferred method for cutting nylon and polypropylene line?

A

Hot knife

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67
Q

This occurs when a line under a strain exceeds 75% of its breaking strength?

A

Fiber damage

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68
Q

A twist or curl caused when the line doubles back on itself?

A

Kink

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69
Q

A kink in an inner yarn that forces the yarns to the surface?

A

Cockle

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70
Q

Will braided line will not kink or cockle?

A

No

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71
Q

Lines that are overloaded should be replaced if the circumference is reduced by what percent?

A

5%

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72
Q

Rust stains, extending into the cross section of natural fiber and nylon fiber yarns can lower line strength as much as?

A

40%

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73
Q

Three strand synthetic lines should be allowed to relax for how long?

A

24 hours

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74
Q

Lengths less than 50ft will relax in how long when laid out straight?

A

One hour

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75
Q

Three-strand synthetic line often coiled in what direction to reduce a natural tendency to tighten up?

A

Clockwise

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76
Q

Device used to measure the percentage of elongation is called?

A

Tattletale

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77
Q

Knots or splices can reduce the breaking strength of a line as much as?

A

50 to 60%

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78
Q

What is stronger a knot or a splice?

A

Splice

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79
Q

The running end or the free end of a line, the working end?

A

Bitter end

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80
Q

The long unused or belated end of a line?

A

Standing part

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81
Q

A loop made in a line by crossing the bitter end over the standing part?

A

Overhand look

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82
Q

A loop made in a line by crossing the bitter end under the standing part?

A

Underhand loop

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83
Q

Formed by turning the line back on itself?

A

Bight

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84
Q

A single wind or bight of a rope, laid around a belaying pin, post, bollard or the like?

A

Turn

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85
Q

A complete turn or encircling of a line about an object, as opposed to a single turn?

A

Round turn

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86
Q

Used to make a temporary eye in a line?

A

Bowline

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87
Q

Used for temporarily securing a line to objects such as a ring or eye?

A

Half hitches

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88
Q

Used the attach one line to another, where the second line is under a strain and cannot be bent?

A

Rolling hitch

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89
Q

Preferred knot for securing a heaving line to a towline?

A

Clove hitch

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90
Q

A clove hitch with a quick release?

A

Slip clove hitch

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91
Q

Used to secure a line to lots, spars, planks, or other rough-surfaces material?

A

Timber hitch

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92
Q

The best knot for connecting a line to an eye splice in another line?

A

Single becket bend

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93
Q

Used for joining lines of unequal size?

A

Double becket bend

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94
Q

Also known as a reef knot?

A

Square knot

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95
Q

An overhand knot with an extra twist?

A

Figure eight knot (stopper)

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96
Q

Used to secure a line to a ring in and anchor or mooring buoy?

A

Anchor bend (fisherman’s)

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97
Q

Used to temporarily shorten a piece of line?

A

Sheepshank

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98
Q

May be used to prevent an I whipped line from unlaying?

A

Crown knot

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99
Q

How many ticks in eye splice for three strand natural fiber?

A

3

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100
Q

How many tucks in an eye spliced for three strand synthetic line?

A

4

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101
Q

Used to permanently connect two ends of a line?

A

Short splice

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102
Q

How many turns should be made for a temporary whipping?

A

Same as diameter

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103
Q

How many wraps should be made for permanent whipping?

A

15 to 20 wraps

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104
Q

What is the rule of thumb of line diameter to each inch of cleat?

A

1/16” per

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105
Q

Powers of observation, concentration, and judgment are dramatically redueced by?

A

Fatigue

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106
Q

Extreme weather conditions, stress, exposure to noise and sun, lack of sleep, and boredom are some situations that may cause?

A

Fatigue

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107
Q

The crews’ safety and welfare is whose primary responsibility?

A

Coxswain

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108
Q

Inability to focus, confusion, increased irritability, decreased performance and concern for safety are symptoms of?

A

Fatigue

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109
Q

Adequate rest, crew rotation, food and refreshments and appropriate dress can help prevent?

A

Fatigue

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110
Q

Motion sickness, glare, rough sea conditions, rain or snow and boat vibrations are considered?

A

Environmental conditions that promote fatigue

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111
Q

What are the 5 primary factors that can be used to predict fatigue-related crew endurance decrements in operation?

A
  1. Time of day
  2. Sleep duration/quality
  3. Stability of sleep/wake schedule
  4. Continuous vs split sleep
  5. Period of sustained wakefulness
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112
Q

For missions that begin or end between 2300 and 0500, if the boatcrew had initial sleep of 0-6 hours, what is the required additional sleep period?

A

6+ hours

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113
Q

For missions that begin or end between 2300 and 0500, if the boatcrew had intial sleep of 6-7 hours, what is the required additional sleep period?

A

2+ hours

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114
Q

Time spent at a sheltered anchorage can extend the maximum hours for a crew by?

A

50%

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115
Q

Crews who perform missions on multiple boat types in a 24 hour period should not exceed ___ hours underway.

A

6 - 10

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116
Q

What are the 3 different type of hulls?

A

Displacement, Planing and Semi-displacement

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117
Q

The ability of a boat to float is known as?

A

Buoyancy

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118
Q

The ability of a boat to remain upright is known as?

A

Stability

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119
Q

The outward turn of the hull as the sides of the hill come up from the waterline, increasing displacement?

A

Flare

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120
Q

This is the reverse of flare, and is the shape of the hull as it moves out going from the gunwale to the waterline?

A

Tumble home

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121
Q

The curvature of the deck athwartships, so water flows off is called?

A

Camber

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122
Q

The curvature of the main deck from bow to stern?

A

Sheer

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123
Q

Additional floatation known as “reserve buoyancy” is provided by?

A

Flare and Sheer

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124
Q

The turn of the boats hull below the waterline?

A

Chine

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125
Q

The ____ at the stern of the boat is either wide, float, or curved. It affects the speed, hull resistance, and performanced of the boat.

A

Transom

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126
Q

The distance from the bow to the stern at the waterline?

A

Length and waterline

127
Q

The distance from the foremost to the aftermost points on the boat hull?

A

Length overall

128
Q

The measurement of the widest part of the hull?

A

Beam

129
Q

The measurement of a frame from its port inside edge to its starboard inside edge?

A

Breadth

130
Q

The distance between outside surfaces of the shell plating of the hull at its widest point?

A

Molded Beam

131
Q

The distance between outside edges of the frames at the widest point of the hull?

A

Extreme breadth

132
Q

The depth of the boat from the waterline to the keel?

A

Draft

133
Q

The depth of the boat from the actual waterline to any other permanent projection?

A

Draft appendage

134
Q

Relative term that refers to the way the boat sits in the water?

A

Trim

135
Q

The weight of a boat and is measured in long tons or pounds?

A

Displacement

136
Q

The entire cubic capacity of a boat expressed in tons of 100 cubic feet?

A

Gross tons

137
Q

The carrying capacity of a boat expressed in tons of 100 cubic feet, and is calculated by measuring the cubic content of the cargo and passenger spaces?

A

Net tons

138
Q

The difference between the light displacement and the maximum loaded displacement of a boat and is expressed in long tons or pounds?

A

Deadweight

139
Q

The weight of the boat excluding fuel, water, outfit, cargo, crew, and passengers?

A

Light Displacement

140
Q

The weight of the boat including fuel, water, outfit, cargo, crew and passengers?

A

Loaded Displacement

141
Q

This type of hull boat pushes away water allowing the hull to settle down into the water?

A

Displacement

142
Q

The displacement hull vessels maximum speed is determined by?

A

Its waterline length

143
Q

External forces cause this hull to lift up onto the water?

A

Planing

144
Q

The backbone of the boat?

A

Keel

145
Q

These ___ are attached to the keel and extend athwarthships?

A

Frames

146
Q

An extension of the forward end of the keel and are normally raked at an upward angle to reduce water friction?

A

Stem

147
Q

A vertical extension of the aft end of the keel?

A

Sternpost

148
Q

In metal boats, what are the two common types of keels?

A

Bar and Flat plate

149
Q

This type of keel can be disadvantageous because it extends below the bottom of the boat increasing the boats draft?

A

Bar

150
Q

This type of keel is perpendicular to the centerline of the hull resembling an “I” beam?

A

Flat plate

151
Q

This rudder blade is about half forward and half aft of the rudder post?

A

Balanced

152
Q

The rudder is more than half of the blade aft of the rudder post?

A

Semi-balanced

153
Q

This rudder blade is entirely aft of the rudder post?

A

Unbalanced

154
Q

The propeller on a single screw boat typically turn in what directions?

A

Clockwise

155
Q

On twin screw boats the propellers turn in what direction?

A

Opposite, rotating outward

156
Q

The area of the blade down at the hub is called?

A

Root

157
Q

The edge of the propeller blade that strikes the water first is called?

A

Leading edge

158
Q

The edge of the propeller blade opposite of the edge that strikes first is called?

A

Following edge

159
Q

The diameter of the screw, the circle made by its tips and its circumference is called?

A

Tip circle

160
Q

The distance a propeller advances in one revolution with no slip?

A

Pitch

161
Q

These extend athwartships and ar perpendicular to the keel, also known as the “ribs”?

A

Transverse frames

162
Q

How are frames numbered on the 47’ MLB?

A

Stern to bow

163
Q

These frames run parallel with keel and provide hull strength along its length?

A

Longitudinal frames

164
Q

Holes is the side railings of a boat designed for water to flow overboard are known as?

A

Scuppers

165
Q

A weather deck hatch is made watertight by sealing it into a raised framework called?

A

Coaming

166
Q

Watertight doors and hatches should be secured by tightening down which dogs first?

A

Opposite of hinges

167
Q

Watertight doors and hatches should be opened by loosening which dogs first?

A

Nearest to the hinges

168
Q

Chafing chain is attached to the shank of the anchor by what?

A

Screw pin shackle

169
Q

This prevents chafing of anchor line at connection point with associated hardware?

A

Thimble

170
Q

This allows the achor to spin freely?

A

Swivel

171
Q

This attaches to a trailer eyebolt on small boats for towing or weighing anchor of disabled boats, etc?

A

Kicker hook

172
Q

Used to determining water depth and bottom type?

A

Lead line

173
Q

The two primary forces that affect stability?

A

Gravity and Buoyancy

174
Q

The point at which the weight of the boat acts vertically downwards?

A

Center of gravity

175
Q

The upward force of water displaced by the hull?

A

Buoyancy

176
Q

The point on which all upward/vertical force is considered to act?

A

Center of buoyancy

177
Q

The point when a boat is at rest, the center of buoyancy acting upwards is below the center of gravity acting downwards?

A

Equilibrium

178
Q

The intersection of hte vertical line through the center of buoyancy and the vertical centerline is called the?

A

Metacenter

179
Q

A temporary leaning of the boat?

A

Heeling

180
Q

A permanent leaning of the boat?

A

Listing

181
Q

Side to side motion of boat?

A

Rolling

182
Q

Two types of stability?

A

Longitudinal and Transverse

183
Q

The force that causes a vessel to return to an even keel, or upright position?

A

Vessel’s moment

184
Q

The force causig a vessel to react against a roll and return to an even keel?

A

Righting moment

185
Q

Placement of weight within the hull, flooding or grounding are examples of what type of force?

A

Static

186
Q

Wind and waves are example of what type of force?

A

Dynamic

187
Q

Observing the roll of both vessels, being aware of external forces, adjusting course and speed and avoiding sharp tuerns are examples of?

A

Stability Risk management

188
Q

Loose water that shifts from side to side or forward and aft is called?

A

Free Surface Effect

189
Q

If the free surface are doubles in width, its adverse effect on stability will change by a factor of?

A

4

190
Q

The unobstructed movement of seawater into and out of the vessel caused by damage to the hull?

A

Free communication with the sea

191
Q

The entry of water into the hull?

A

Down-flooding

192
Q

Environmental forces that affect the horizontal motion of a vessel are?

A

Wind, seas, and currents

193
Q

The amount of surface upon which the wind acts upon on a vessel called?

A

Sail area

194
Q

If a vessel’s draft is shallower forward than aft, the wind will affect the ___ more?

A

Bow

195
Q

Small pockets of clam areas made from vessels or piers that block the wind?

A

Wind shadow

196
Q

When ____ goes against the wind, the wave patterns will be steeper and closer together.

A

Current

197
Q

One knot of current may affet a vessel to the same degree as a ____ knot wind.

A

30

198
Q

Point of which every vessel rotates in a transverse direction?

A

Pivot point

199
Q

What is the degree of offset used to compensate for shaft torque?

A

Approx. 1 degree

200
Q

The water flow pattern into the propeller’s arc of rotation?

A

Suction screw current

201
Q

The thrust flow pattern out of the propeller?

A

Discharge screw current

202
Q

Which screw current will always be stronger that the other?

A

Discharge screw current

203
Q

For right-handed screws turning ahead, the stern will tend to move to?

A

Starboard

204
Q

This usually occurs when the propeller rotates at very high speeds and a partial vacuum foms air bubbles at the tips of the propeller blades?

A

Cavitation

205
Q

An engine-driven impeller mounted in housing, allowing for peration in very shallow water?

A

Waterjet

206
Q

Waterjet impellers generate no side force?

A

True

207
Q

When going from ahead to astern position or vice versa, a coxswain should what?

A

Stop briefly at the the neutral position

208
Q

At low speeds, helm correction will be more frequent and require more rudder than at higher speeds?

A

True

209
Q

Why should running at full speed all of the time be avoided?

A

Increases fuel consumption with no speed increase

210
Q

What is good normal operating limit for semi displacement vessels?

A

80%

211
Q

For many vessels, where is the most comfortable, secure location for the entire crew?

A

Immediate vicinity of the helm

212
Q

In extremely narrow channels, a vessel moving through the water will cause the “wedge” of water between the bow and nearer bank to build up higher than on the other side. This is called?

A

Bank Cushion

213
Q

Screw suction and the movement of water to “fill-in” where the boat was creates?

A

Bank Suction

214
Q

Meeting another vessel close aboard can potential have this effect?

A

Bow cushion and Stern suction

215
Q

When the forward speed is higher, the pivot of a vessel moves which way?

A

Forward

216
Q

The distance a vessel is well off to the side of the original track through a turn?

A

Transfer

217
Q

The path a vessel holds through 180 degrees is defined as?

A

Tactical Diameter

218
Q

If a vessel holds a turn through 360 degrees, the distance it takes to reach the point where if first put the helm over is referred to as its?

A

Final diameter

219
Q

Where is the water deepest and the current strongest, on natural waterway bends or turns?

A

Outside of the bend

220
Q

Circular currents are called?

A

Eddies

221
Q

How do you minimize the effect of head current when going through a bend?

A

Steering along the inside quarter of the channel

222
Q

A turn with a following current should be approached just to the ___ of the middle of the channel.

A

Outside

223
Q

The distance the vessel will travel when stopping from different speeds?

A

Head reach

224
Q

Emergency techniques by immediately going from full speed ahead to full astern is known as?

A

Crash stop

225
Q

When stopping forward way by full helm on a jet drive, what must be done before reducing thrust?

A

You must turn

226
Q

As a vessel develops stern way the apparent pivot point moves?

A

Aft

227
Q

When using one engine at higher RPM than the other?

A

Asymmetric power

228
Q

For single-outboard/outdrive, propeller side force is offset by turning the helm slightly to the?

A

Right

229
Q

When the propeller rotates without any resistance?

A

Free-wheel

230
Q

Relying on the tendency of a vessel to back to port, and then thrust ahead to starboard, in order to turn the vessel in little more than its own length is known as?

A

Back and Fill (Casting)

231
Q

Maintaining distance, position and aspect to or from an object is known as?

A

Station keeping

232
Q

No two items will drift at the same speed through the water?

A

True

233
Q

Keeping the current or wind directly on the bow or stern and hold position by setting boat speed to equally oppose the speed of drift?

A

Stem the forces

234
Q

A breaking wave?

A

Breaker

235
Q

The outer limit of the surf?

A

Breaker line

236
Q

A wave with a thin line of water upon its crest on the point of breaking?

A

Comber

237
Q

The top of a wave, breaker, or swell?

A

Crest

238
Q

The distance over water in which seas are generated by an unobstructed wind of constant direction and speed?

A

Fetch

239
Q

Top of the foaming water that speeds toward the beach after the wave has broken; popularly known as white water?

A

Foam crest

240
Q

The time interval between successive wave crests passing a fixed point?

A

Frequency

241
Q

Refracted or reflected waves that interact with other waves and cause an incease/decrease wave height?

A

Interference

242
Q

The time, in seconds, it takes for two sucessive creasts to pass a fixed point?

A

Period

243
Q

The combination of waves and swells, generally referred to as?

A

Seas

244
Q

A group of waves that seem to travel together, at the same speed?

A

Series

245
Q

Several breakers in a continuous lines?

A

Surf

246
Q

The area near shore in which breaking occurs continuously in various intensities?

A

Surf zone

247
Q

Waves that have been moved out of the area in which they were created, sometimes traveling for thousands of miles across deep water without much loss of energy?

A

Swell

248
Q

The valley between waves?

A

Trough

249
Q

Distance from bottom of trough to top of crest?

A

Wave height

250
Q

Distance from crest to crest, or trough to trough?

A

Wave length

251
Q

The two major types of waves?

A

Choppy and Rounded

252
Q

A 20ft breaker will drop ___ tons of water on a boat and can swamp and/or severely damage it.

A

1500 tons

253
Q

The three main types of breaking waves?

A

Plunging, Spilling, and Surging

254
Q

A breaking waved caused by a sudden lack of water ahead of a wave, such as in a steep rise of the ocean floor?

A

Plunging

255
Q

A breaking wave caused by waves of low steepness moving over a gentile sloping ocean floor?

A

Spilling

256
Q

A breaking wave that occurs on very steep beaches?

A

Surging

257
Q

A wind wave where the depth of the water is greater than one-half the wavelength?

A

Deepwater wave

258
Q

A wave traveling in water where the depth is less than one-half the wavelength?

A

Shallow water wave

259
Q

Tidal currents going against the waves will make the waves?

A

Steeper

260
Q

Vertical rise and fall of the ocean water level caused by gravitational attraction of the sun and moon?

A

Tide

261
Q

The horizontal motion of water resulting in te chage of tide?

A

Current

262
Q

The compass heading toward which the water moves?

A

Current direction

263
Q

Horizontal motion of water toward land?

A

Flood

264
Q

Horizontal motion of water away from land?

A

Ebb

265
Q

The period that occurs while the current is changing direction and as no horizontal motion?

A

Slack

266
Q

Currents that run parallel to the shore and inside the breakers?

A

Longshore current

267
Q

These currents occur at channel bends, near points of land, and at places where bottom is uneven?

A

Eddy

268
Q

Who performs lookout duties in a crew?

A

Everyone

269
Q

____ is based on the eyes receiving and interpreting a different type of light than exist during the daylight.

A

Night Vision

270
Q

How long must your eyes take to adapt to night?

A

30 minutes

271
Q

Looking all around an object, and not directly at it, at night is called?

A

Off-center vision

272
Q

A mishap involving a PIW can be classified two ways?

A

Fall and ejection

273
Q

Line #1 is called?

A

Bowline

274
Q

Line #4 is called?

A

Stern line

275
Q

Line #2 is called?

A

After bow spring line

276
Q

Line #3 is called?

A

Forward quarter spring

277
Q

During times of foul weather, _____ lines may be used to provide additional holding strength.

A

Breast lines (storm lines)

278
Q

Which side moorings are the easiest for single-screw boats with “right-hand” props?

A

Portside

279
Q

When mooring with an off-dock wind, the approach should be made at a sharp angle ___ ?

A

45 degrees or more

280
Q

When mooring with an on-dock wind, the approach should be made?

A

Parallel

281
Q

Do not approach from _____ if it will put the vessel and crew in jeopardy, whether from shoal water or obstructions farther to leeward, or from smoke or hazardous fumes.

A

Leeward

282
Q

A line used to sheer a boat clear of a ships side when underway or to hold a boat in position under shipboard hoisitng davits?

A

Sea Painter

283
Q

The upand down motion of the bow or stern?

A

Pitch

284
Q

The vertical motion the entire boat makes?

A

Heave

285
Q

Which water has more buoyancy, “green” or “white”?

A

Green water

286
Q

General term for the anchor, anchor rodes, fittings etc.?

A

Ground tackle

287
Q

A cyclindrical or elliptical pipr or casting in vessels hull through which the anchor rode runs?

A

Hawspipe

288
Q

The horizontal force placed on an anchoring device by the vessel to which it is connected?

A

Horizontal load

289
Q

A post or clear through or on the the deck of a vessel used to secure an anchor rode or other line to the vessel?

A

Mooring bit

290
Q

The line connecting an anchor with a vessel?

A

Rode

291
Q

The ratio of the length of the anchor rode to the vertical distance from the bow chocks to the bottom?

A

SCope

292
Q

The lifting force placed on the bow of the vessel by its anchor rode?

A

Vertical load

293
Q

A working, or service anchor should have the holding power to equal approximately ____ % of the boats displacement?

A

6%

294
Q

A storm achor should be at least ____ % as effective as the service anchor?

A

150-200%

295
Q

Part of the anchor that aids in setting and weighing the anchor, also the attachment point for the anchor line?

A

Shank

296
Q

Part of the anchor that digs in the bottom and bury the anchor, providing holding power?

A

Flukes

297
Q

Part of the anchor that lifts the rear of the flukes, and forces the flukes into the bottom?

A

Crown

298
Q

Part of the anchor that prevents the anchor from rolling or rotating?

A

Stock

299
Q

What is the most commonly used line for anchor rode?

A

Nylon

300
Q

Synthetic line thimbles should be used for lines ___ in circumference or larger?

A

2 3/4” (7/8” diameter)

301
Q

Tends to lower the angle of pull of the anchor and assists in preventing chafing of the anchor line on the bottom?

A

Chafing chain

302
Q

Enough rode should be paid out so the lower end of the rode forms and angle of ___ with the bottom?

A

8 degrees or less

303
Q

What is the recommended scope ration range of the anchor rode?

A

Between 5:1 and 7:1

304
Q

What is the recommended scope ratio range of the anchor rode in heavy weather?

A

10:1

305
Q

Monitor bearings taken on at least two landmarks shoud be a minimum of ___ apart?

A

45 degrees

306
Q

What are the 2 different properties of static force that cause resistence in towing vessels?

A

Inertia and Moment of inertia

307
Q

The tendency for a vessel at rest to stay at rest?

A

Inertia

308
Q

When a towed vessel resists effort to turn about a vertical axis to change heading?

A

Moment of inertia

309
Q

These forces occur when the towed vessel is moving, and are based on the towed vessels characteristics, the motion caused by the towing vessel, and the effect of waves and wind?

A

Dynamic forces

310
Q

This is caused by the layer of water in immediate contact with the hull, water molecules tend to drag along the hull?

A

Frictional Resistance

311
Q

This occurs when the boat is running beam to the seas?

A

Rolling

312
Q

This occurs when the boat is running bow into the waves?

A

Pitching

313
Q

This occurs when the boat is operating in floowing seas, sheering off to port or starboard due to the action of the waves?

A

Yawing

Tylers Stuff (8 decks)

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