BoardVitals Flashcards
breast cancer screening mammograms are associated with a ____% risk of “call back” (i.e., need for further evaluation)
10%
how do you screen for diabetes at the 6 week postpartum visit for patient with GDM A2?
75-g 2-hr OGTT
average lifetime risk of breast cancer in the US
12%
% of ectopic pregnancies located in the fallopian tube
97%
pt who has IUD in place gets positive pregnancy test. what is the % risk that this pregnancy is ectopic?
50%
which contraceptive methods can be used in a pt with h/o ovarian cancer
all of them! even estrogen-containing methods are category 1 (no restriction) in folks with a h/o ovarian cancer. avoid estrogen-containing contraceptives only for folks in active treatment or with active disease given baseline increased risk for thrombosis
how long does it take for vasectomy to become effective as birth control
3 months
% of pregnancies in the US that are unplannde
50%
Most common complication associated with uterine artery embolization procedure for treatment of uterine fibroids
post-embolization syndrome, which includes fever, nausea/vomiting, and pain occurring in the first 72 hours post-surgery and then begins to subside. most common after large fibroid treatment.
first line treatment for listeria during pregnancy
ampicillin
if allergic to penicillins, can consider vancomycin
Counseling points on gadolinium contrast dye used for MRIs in pregnancy or breastfeeding
pregnancy – theoretical concerns of fetal damage, should only be used when clinical benefit is strongly anticipated to outweigh any risks
breastfeeding - only crosses into breast milk in small amounts, it is not necessary to interrupt breastfeeding.
What type of medication is absolutely contraindicated for induction or augmentation of labor in a patient with prior cesarean delivery?
prostaglandins, including misoprostol
this is due to the increased risk of uterine rupture in folks with a uterine scar
At a beta HCG level of _______, a pelvic ultrasound should be able to diagnose an intrauterine pregnancy
1,500 - 2,000
What should always be obtained before beginning methotrexate therapy for medical management of an ectopic pregnancy?
US and hematocrit levels, to rule out any bleeding in the peritoneum
CMP to evaluate liver and kidney function
Beta HCG
Give rhogam if Rh -
Methotrexate is no longer a good option for management of ectopic pregnancy once the beta HCG is above _______, adnexal mass is larger than ______, and has this characteristic _________
beta HCG >5,000
mass >3.5cm
embryonic cardiac motion
Patients with ______ gonorrhea should return for test of cure with either culture or NAAT
pharyngeal gonorrhea
otherwise, uncomplicated gonorrhea (even in pregnancy) does not require test of cure and most patients who test positive after treatment have been re-infected, not inadequately cured
Most common cause of low milk supply in folks attempting to breastfeed
inadequate breast stimulation
Approximately 40% of young adults with PKU will develop this comorbidity
osteopenia
Minimum definition of tachysytole
5 uterine contractions in 10 minutes averaged over 30 minutes with or without decelerations
What lab value can be used to distinguish new primary vs. chronic infection with CMV when the diagnosis is unclear?
IgG avidity
- low IgG avidity means immature antibodies and newer infection (past 2-4 months)
- high IgG avidity means mature antibodies and an older infection
IgM is produced quickly after a new CMV infection but is unreliable for diagnosis
During which trimester(s) can pregnant patients get the IM flu vaccine?
Any!
Which pregnant patients should receive prophylactic antiviral therapy for known influenza exposure? And what would be used?
All! regardless of vaccination status or symptoms, begin oseltamivir asap
a CHADS2 score is used to predict the risk of _______ in patients with ________
risk of stroke
in patients with atrial fibrillation
Most common genetic risk factor for blood clot/DVT/VTE
Factor V Leiden
Treatment of choice for varicella pneumonia during pregnancy
IV acyclovir
Treatment of choice for chicken pox /varicella rash during pregnancy
oral acyclovir
Treatment of choice for pregnant patient with known exposure to chickenpox during pregnancy but no symptoms
varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG)
Treatment of choice for pregnant patients with toxoplasmosis
spiramycin
