Boards Flashcards
Varicella US findings
IUGR, LUmb hypoplasia, microcephaly, micropthalmia
Toxoplasmosis US findings
Microcephaly, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
HSV US findings
IUGR, micropthalmia, microcephaly, hydranencephaly, hepatosplenomegaly
Rubella US findings
IUGR, Cardiac malf (PDA/Septal defect) micropthalmia, hepatosplenomegaly
CMV US findings
CALCIFY MY VENTRICLES (CMV) IUGR, cerebral ventriculomegaly, microcephaly, fetal hydrops, chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications
How much does breastfeeding increase maternal caloric requirements?
500 kcal per day
What factors increase in preg
FACTOR 8, 10, FIBRINOGEN
WHAT IS IN THE SUPERFICIAL PERINEAL SPACE
corpora cavernosa of clitorus, cporpus spongiosum of vestibular tissue, ischiocavernosis, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perinei, pundendal vessels and nerves
what ethnic group reqs CBC and Hb electrophoresis in PNL
African Descent
Treatment option for IC?
Dietary changes, oral pentosan polysulfate, intraveiscal dimetyl sulfoxide
First line treatment for citrate toxicity?
Calcium chloride
OCPS exhibit antiandrogenic effects by decreasing ovarian production of????
Testosterone (progesterone reduces serum free testosterone and inhib 5 alph reduct)
what contraceptive method can cause a UTI?
Diaphragm
Tanner 5 breast and pubic hair, +ovaries, - uterus or vagina.
Mullerian Agenesis
Mullerian agenesis is associated with what skeletal abnormality
scoliosis
mullerian agenesis inherited in what pattern
multifactorial
lynch syndrome has highest risk of which non gyn cancer?
colon cancer
lynch syndrome inherited in what pattern
autosomal dominant
50% of those with mullerian agenesis also have what other anomaly
urinary tract
acceptable screening for colon cancer?
FOBT (3 stool samples annually), fecal immunochemical testing annuay, flexible sig q 5 years ) Double contrast barium enema q 5 years
GAIL MODEL relies on
age of menarche, parity, age at first birth, BF, age of menopause, limited maternal hx, previous breast biopsies , race, less than 5 years
perinatal transmission rate of Heb B E antigen?
90%
how to treat newborns born to HBsAG (hep B carriers)
combined immunoprophylaxis (HBIG and HBV vaccine within 12 hrs)
nonhormonal treatment most likely to relieve vasomotor sxs?
paroxetine
in case of IUFD, best place to obtain cell culture for genetics?
AMNIOTIC FLUIDA
late complication of sacrospinous ligament fixation?
anterior vaginal wall prolapse
what US biometric measurement is most sensitive measure of fetal growth?
AC
Eval for preg patients with macroadenoma?
visual field test every trimester
up to how many days can copper IUD be used for emergency contraception
5
most efficacious treatment of APS in preg?
low dose ASA plus heparin
best treatment of appendicitis in the third trim ( e.g. 33 weeks)
open appendectomy
Formula for odds ratio
Cross ratio Ad/cb
What type of virus is HSV
double stranded DNA
Most likely malignant component of mature dermoid cyst
Squamous cell carcinoma
most common breast malignancy
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Baden Walker 1
Descent of uterus to any pt in vagina above hymen
Bade Walker II
Descent of uterus up to the hymen
Baden walker III
Descent of uterus halfway past the hymen
Baden walker stage IV
Total eversion or procidentia
what percent of patients have frank virilization from sertoli-leydig cell tumor
35%
US indicated cerclage
Prior PTD < 34 wks and CL < 25mm between 16-24 wks
Stage 1 Hypertension
SBP 130-139/<80
Stage2 Hypertension
Systolic > 140 or diastolic > 90
what factor is most prognostic for survival in vulvar cancer
inguinofemoral LN involvement
Most cystic hygromas dx in T1 associated with?
aneupoidy- T21
most common complication of burch procedure
urinary dysfxn
what is burch procedure?
modification of the suprapubic bladder neck suspension by suspending the vaginal wall to cooper’s ligament
Risk of vertical transmission with primary HSV
30-50%
Risk of vertical transmission with recurrent HSV
3%
what type of vaccine is Gardasil
VIRUS LIKE PARTICLES (of the major capsid proteins)
The daily caloric req of pregnant patient increases by…?
300 kcal
most common ADE clopidogrel (plavix) involves which organ system?
hematopoietic
what muscules are used for kegels?
levator ani: pubococcygeus, illiococcygeus, puborectalis
75% of cystic hygromas dx in T2 associated with?
ANEUPOIDY- 45X
premature ovarian failure
loss of oocytes and surrounding support cells prior to age of 40
How to diagnose POF
2 serum FSH > 40 at least 1 mo apart
most common complication of uterosacral ligament suspension?
ureteral obstruction (11%)
MOA Danazol
suppresses production of gonadotrophins and some weak androgenic effects
what genetic disorder attributed to advanced paternal age
neurofibromatosis, achondroplasia
Dividing membrane of what size associated with dichorionicity
> 2 mm
ABO incompatibility
A or B blood type in infant born to mother with type O
what muscules are used for kegels?
levator ani: pubococcygeus, illiococcygeus, puborectalis
why is the left leg most common site for DVT
right iliac artery crosses the left iliac vein
RIsk of T21 in general population
1 in 2500
where do the deep endopelvic connective tissue support structures converge
pericervical ring
most common complication of uterosacral ligament suspension?
ureteral obstruction
what percentage of those with elevated NT have chromosomal defect?
1/3
what is the lifetime risk of breast cancer in patient with BRCA2
75%
Dividing membrane of what size associated with dichorionicity
> 2 mm
Best treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy
plasmapheresis with FFP replacement
what percentage of women with GDM will develop T2DM?
50%
why is the left leg most common site for DVT
right iliac artery crosses the left iliac vein
RIsk of T21 in general population
1 in 2500
how do we treat hyperthyroid in preg?
PTU in 1st trimester, Methimazole in 2nd and 3rd
what emryopathy associated with methimazole
aplasia cutis, choanal and esophageal atresia
Most common defect associated with thickened NT and normal karyotype?
cardiac
late complication of SSLF?
anterior vaginal wall prolapse
most rare cancers diagnosed in pregnancy
thyroid, colorectal, leukemia
pentatd of TPP
thrombocytopenia, fever, neurologic abnormalities, renal impairment, hemolytic anemia
why is left leg the most common site for DVT
right ilitac artery crosses the left iliac vein
what happens to protein S in pregnancy?
Decreases
side effects of aromatase inhib
hot flush, vag dryness, arthralgias, decreased BM density and increased fracture rates
greatness risk factor in wound infection after hyst
thickness of subcutaneous layer
single most important risk factor for postpartum infection
Cesarean delivery
most frequent manifestation of congenital CMV
intracranial calcifications
least likely to be isolated from urinary tract
anaerobic
when using chemo agent ifosfamade, how do you protect uroepithelium?
Mesna
what type of peumonia has highest mortality in pregnancy
varicella
what muscle is responsible for maintaining anal continuence
internal anal sphincter
what neoplasm causes increased LDH
dysgerminoma
what muscles make up perineal body
superficial transversalis, bulbocavernosis, anal sphincter
what thyroid hormone increases in pregnancy
free t4
when do you measure LFT after starting statin
8-12 weeks (then every 6 months)
lipid assessment
every 5 years starting at age 45
fasting glucose test?
every 3 years starting at age 45
TSH screening?
every 5 years starting at age 50
most likely side effect of tamoxifen?
vasomotor sx
which is responsible for vaginal lubrication in sexual response
transudate
when HBG is < 11 and MCV is >80 what is next step
reticulocyte acct
when HBG is < 11 and MCV is <80 what is next step
serum ferritin and hb electrophoresis
HbA2 >3.5%, normal ferritin
beta thal
HbA2 < 3.5%,
Alpha-thal, Hb H disease, chronic anemia
intrinsic sphincter deficiency
if leakage is seen when pressure < 60 cm H2O (valsalva leak pt pressure)
most common sign of uterine rupture attempting VBAV
nonreassuring fetal heart tracing
earliest spread of epithelial ovarian cancer
exfoliation
malignant degeneration of mature teratoma most lkely tissue
squamous epithelium
left ovarian vein drains into
left renal vein
late term
41.0 to 41.6
postterm
42.0 weeks and beyond
MOA of PTU
blocks conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine
MOA of methimazole
inhib synthesis of thyroid hormones by blocking oxidation of iodine in thyroid gland
if prevalence in a population has changed, what statistical value has changed?
predictive
aromatase inhib vs tamoxifen, more associated wth
bone loss, less hot flush, no risk of endometrial changes
paclitaxel side effectsq
myleosuppression, hypersensitivity, neurotoxicity
histologic feature of endometrial hyperplasia associated with greatest risk of progression to invasive cancer
nuclear atypia
