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Head and Neck Anatomy > board review > Flashcards

board review Flashcards

1
Q

CN III- occulomotor

A

motor

eye muscles, pupil, lens

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2
Q

emergency pulse

A

adult- carotid

child- branchial

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3
Q

nonfunctional lingual cusp

A

mand first premolar

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4
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

site of cellular protein synthesis

ribosome- filled membranous network

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5
Q

where does the heartbeat originate from

A

SA node

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6
Q

CN VI- abducens

A

motor

eye muscles

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7
Q

tongue innervation

A

XII- motor nerve to muscles
V3- sensory to anterior 2/3
VII- taste to anterior 2/3 through chorda tympani
IX- sensory and tates to posterior 1/3

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8
Q

dentin

A

70% mineralized
forms greatest bulk of tooth
produced by odontoblasts from the dental papilla

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9
Q

lacunae

A

space in the bone matrix that is occupied by the osteocytes

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10
Q

PDL

A

suspensatory ligament attaching tooth to alveolar socket
composed of dense collagen and fibroblasts
attached to cementum by sharpeys fibers

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11
Q

mantle dentin

A

primary dentin- 1st layer of dentin immediately adjacent to the DEJ

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12
Q

what is the most medial bone of the orbit?

A

lacrimal

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13
Q

tooth with the longest root

A

mac canine

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14
Q

medial pterygoid

A

o- medical surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and maxillary tuberosity
i- innter sirface of the angle of the mandible
f- elevate and protrude

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15
Q

which system produces heat and helps maintain body temp

A

muscular

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16
Q

nucleus

A

stores DNA and directs all cellular activities

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17
Q

origin if the rests of malassez

A

hertwigs epithelial rooth sheath

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18
Q

enamel

A

96% mineralized
hardest tissue of the body
produced by ameloblasts

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19
Q

filaments and tubules

A

structural support

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20
Q

SCM

A

o- sternum and clavicle
i- mastoid process of the temporal bone
f- tilts and rotates the head
CN XI

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21
Q

premolar which commonly has three cusps

A

mand second (trying to be molar)

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22
Q

which gland is located bilaterally on the outer borders of the orbital cavity

A

lacrimal gland

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23
Q

circumvallate

A

8-12
just antior to sulcus terminalis
contain taste buds & glands von ebner

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24
Q

specialized mucosa

A

is the papillae of the tongue

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25
Q

what vein runs with the carotid artery

A

jugular vein

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26
Q

primary dentin

A

deposited before completion of the root

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27
Q

frontal process

A

forehead and frontal bone
median nasal process- center and tip of nose, nasal septum and globular process
lateral nasal process- sides of nose and infraorbital area

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28
Q

what passes through the foramen ovale

A

V3

thrid division- mandibular

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29
Q

which tooth has a non functional lingual cusp

A

mandibular first premolar

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30
Q

posterior 1/3 of tongue and hyoid bone develop from?

A

2nd and 3rd branchial arches

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31
Q

stafnes defect

A

developmental concavity of the mandibular cortical plate and is associated with the submandibular gland

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32
Q

what is the medial wall of the orbit?

A

ethmoid bone

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33
Q

tooth which most often ails to develop

A

3rds or max lateral incisor

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34
Q

masticatory mucosal tissue

A

keratinized and protects the attached gingiva and hard palate.
ends at the mucoginigval margin

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35
Q

lacrimal nerve controls

A

the upper eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal gland

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36
Q

what is the posterior wall of the orbit?

A

sphenoid bone

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37
Q

CN XII hypoglossal

A

motor

muscles of the tongue

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38
Q

masseter

A

o- zygomatic arch
i- outer surface of the mandible
f- elevate

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39
Q

what is the end of the odontoblastic processes that crosses the DEJ

A

enamel spindles

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40
Q

ameloblasts produce

A

enamel

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41
Q

what is the articular disc

A

fibrous pad of dense collagen tissue

prevents bone to bone contact

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42
Q

enamel spindles

A

ends of odontoblastic processes with cross the DEJ

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43
Q

excessive overbite

A

when incisal edges of the maxillary incisors extend to the cervical third of the mandibular incisors

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44
Q

membrane

A

controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell

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45
Q

what muscle makes up the floor of the mouth?

A

mylohyoid muscle

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46
Q

circumpulpal dentin

A

primary dentin- remaining dentin adjacent to the pulp

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47
Q

first permanent tooth erupts

A

around 6 years old

first molar

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48
Q

V1

A

ophthalmic
sensory
leaves through the superior orbital fissure
upper third of face

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49
Q

gungiform

A

fewer, larger

contain taste buds

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50
Q

deoxygenated blood flow of the heart

A 
SVC & IVC from body
right strium
tricuspid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary artery to lungs
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51
Q

cytoplasm

A

watery gel enclosed by the membrane

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52
Q

submental node

A

drain from the mandibular incisors, tip of tongu, midline of the lip, chin, floor of mouth

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53
Q

parts of tmj

A

temporal bone, mandible, articular disc, capsule

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54
Q

which is the space between the gingiva and tooth

A

gingival sulcus

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55
Q

how do the PDL attach to cemetum

A

sharpeys fibers

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56
Q

deep cervical nodes (superior and inferior)

A

drains submandibular nodes, 3rds, and wall of the throat

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57
Q

external carotid

A

everything else- teeth, muscles of mastication, tongue, face, lips

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58
Q

filliform

A

keratinized papillae to protect the tongue
no taste buds
most numerous

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59
Q

lysosomes

A

phagocytosis and digestion

60
Q

intrinsic tongue muscles

A

start and end within the tongue
determine shape of tongue
superior and inferior longitudinalis, transverse and vertical groups

61
Q

most numerous fiber

A

oblique

62
Q

what bone contains the paranasal sinus

A

sphenoid bone

63
Q

pterygoid plexus

A

drains to form the maxillary vein

64
Q

temporalis

A

o- temporal fossa
i- coronorid process
f- retract and elevate

65
Q

golgi bodies

A

packages ceullular protein product for secretion

66
Q

maxillary first molar oblique ridge rins from

A

distobuccal cusp to mesiolingual cusp

67
Q

foliate

A

posterior, lateral border
contain tate buds
common side of oral cancer

68
Q

sagittal plate

A

divides into left and right halves

69
Q

V2

A

maxillary
sensory
leaves through foramen rotundum
mid face

70
Q

CN X- vagus

A

sensory & motor
smooth muscles and glands of the body
cardiac muscle

71
Q

parotid gland

A

produce 25% saliva
stensons duct
serous secretion (contains amylase to break down starches)
CN IX

72
Q

prostaglandin F

A

responsible for causing uterine contractions

73
Q

tooth with the most unique anatomy

A

primary first mandibular molar

74
Q

foramen caecum

A

found at the center or point of the sulcus terminalis and is the side of the embryonic origin of the thyroid gland

75
Q

CN IV- trochlear

A

motor

eye muscles

76
Q

what muscles of mastication open the mouth

A

lateral pterygoid with the help of hyoid muscles

77
Q

tooth which frequently has a 5th cusp

A

mand first molar

max first molar- cusp of carabelli

78
Q

CN I- olfactory

A

sensory

sense of smell

79
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

o- lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and infratemporal surface of the sphenoid bone
i- tmj disc and neck of the mandibular condyle
f- protrude, depress and side to side motion

80
Q

which is the three major branches of the external carotid artery

A

maxillary, lingual and facial

81
Q

what is the pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

82
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

open the mouth (depress the mandible)

83
Q

salivary glands

A 
exocrine glands (have ducts)
lined by stratified cuboidal epithelial cells
84
Q

CN VIII- vestibulocochlear (AKA auriculotemporal)

A

sensory

sense of balance and hearing

85
Q

nonemergency pulse

A

adult- radial

child- branchial

86
Q

which is a tough connective tissue binding fascicles together

A

perimysium

87
Q

internal carotid

A

skull, eye, brain

88
Q

when does development of the face begin

A

week 3

89
Q

CN XI- accessory

A

motor

trapezius, SCM, pharynxm larynx

90
Q

sublingualr caruncle

A

contains the duct oepnings for submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

91
Q

CN IX- glossopharyngeal

A

sensory & motor
taste and sensation for the posterior 1/3 of tounge
innervation to the parotid gland

92
Q

mylohyoid

A

comprises flood of the mouth

attaches to the mylohyoid ridge (internal oblique ridge)

93
Q

mandibular second molar most likely exhibits

A

4 cusps

2 roots

94
Q

last deciduous tooth

A

macillary cuspid or mand second molar

95
Q

oral mucosa

A

composed of stratified squamous epithelial layer and a connective tissue lamina propria, separated by a basement membrane

96
Q

whartons duct

A

submandibular gland

97
Q

what are the parts of the temporal bone?

A 
mastoid process
styloid process
articular fossa and eminence
stylomastoid foramed
pertrous portion- houses hearing components
98
Q

odontoblasts form

A

dentin

99
Q

tooth most often affected by microdontia

A

mac lateral incisor

100
Q

widest and strongest root

A

mesial root of mandibular first molar

101
Q

CN II- optic

A

sensory

sense of sight

102
Q

cuspid (canine) with occasionally bifucated root

A

mandibular- F/L

103
Q

most often missed mesial coronal and root concavity

A

max first premolar

104
Q

lining mucosa

A

not keratinized

included alveolar, vestibular and buccal mucosa and flood of the mouth

105
Q

mixed dentition

A

6-13 years old

106
Q

trapezius

A

o- occipital and vertebral bones
i- scapula and clavicle
f- rotate and elevate the shoulder
CN XI

107
Q

premolar most often having 2 roots

A

max first premolar

108
Q

mitochondira

A

powerhouse, resposible for cellular respiration

109
Q

what passes through the foramen rotundum

A

V2

second division- maxillary

110
Q

muscles of mastication innervation and blood supply

A

innervation- V3

blood supply- maxillary artery

111
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

stabilize the hyoid bone

112
Q

what is the lateral wall and floor of the orbit?

A

zygomatic

113
Q

tooth most likely to have 2 canals

A

mand first molar (mesial root)

114
Q

what passes through the superior orbital fissure

A

V1

first division- opthalmic

115
Q

CN VII- facial

A

sensory & motor
muscles of facial expression, taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue via chorda tympani), sublingual & submandibular salivary glands

116
Q

when is the upper lip complete

A

6-8 weeks

formed by the fusion of the median nasal prcess and right & left maxillary processes

117
Q

which muscle inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible

A

temporalis

118
Q

tooth most likely to have divergent roots

A

maxillary first molar

119
Q

orbital bones

A 
frontal
sphenoid
ethmoid
maxilla
zygomatic
palatine
larcimal
120
Q

submandibular node

A

drains submental node and remaining teeth

may or may not include 3rds

121
Q

stensons duct

A

parotid duct

122
Q

cementoblasts form

A

cementum

123
Q

what is the medial floor if the orbit?

A

maxillae

124
Q

odontoblastic processes are found

A

in dentinal tubules

125
Q

when is the primary dentition generally complete

A

30 months

20 teeth

126
Q

what muscles of mastication close(elevate) the mouth

A

temporalis, medial pterygoid and masseter

127
Q

buccinator

A

not a muscle of mastication
keeps food on the chewing surface of the teeth
o-pterygomandibular raphe
i- muscles of the lip

128
Q

cementum

A 
50% mineralized (like bone)
produced by cementoblasts located in the PDL
contains cementocytes (trapped in cementoblasts) in lacune
thicker at apex
thinner at cervical portion
acellular- @cej
cellular- @apex
nourised by the PDL
129
Q

bartholins duct

A

sublingual gland

130
Q

secondary dentin

A

develops after the tooth is in occlusion

makes pulp smaller

131
Q

hamulus projects from the

A

medial pterygoid plate

132
Q

CN V- trigeminal

A

sensory & motor

ophthalmic, maxillary & mandibular divisions

133
Q

lines of retzius on enamel

A

incremental lines from mineralizaiton

134
Q

submandibular gland

A

produces 65% saliva
wharton’s duct
mixed scretions
CN VII

135
Q

first branchual arch

A

maxillary process- lateral palatine processes, upper parts of cheek, side of upper lip
mandibular process- lower jaw, lower parts of the face and lower lip, anterior 2/3 of tongue

136
Q

what is the floor of the orbit?

A

palatine

137
Q

cell

A

fundamental functional unit of the body

138
Q

when does the palate develop

A

between 6-12 weeks
formed by the fusion of the globular process with the left and right palatal shelves.
it separates the stomodeum into and upper and lower cavity

139
Q

circle of willis

A

assciated with the brain

140
Q

tooth likely to have lingual carries

A

mac lateral incisor

141
Q

oxygenated blood flow of the heart

A 
from lungs from the pulmonary vein
left artium
bicuspid (mitral) valve
left ventricle
aorta to body
142
Q

foramina of the sphenoid bone

A

superior orbital fissure
foramen rotundum
foramen ovale

143
Q

extrinsic tongue muscles

A

originate elsewhere and insert into the tongue
controls the position of the tongue
hyoglossus, styloglossus and genioglossus
platoglossus- innervated by X & XI

144
Q

network of tubules and sacs found within muscle fibers

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

145
Q

V3

A 
mandibular
sensory &motor
leaves through formaen ovale
enters mandible through mandibular foramen
motor- muscles of mastication
sensory- lower teeth
146
Q

sublingual gland

A 
produces 10% of saliva
bartholins duct
multiple ducts of rivinus
mixed secretions
CN VII

Head and Neck Anatomy (1 decks)

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