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CPT > BNF - Antibiotics > Flashcards

BNF - Antibiotics Flashcards

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0
Q

ABx for severe campylobacter enteritis?

Or in immunocompromised

A

Clarithromycin
Or
Ciprofloxacin

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1
Q

ABx for severe/invasive salmonella?

Or in immunocompromised

A

Ciprofloxacin
Or
Cefotaxime

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2
Q

ABx for severe shigellosis?

A

Ciprofloxacin
Or
Azithromycin

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3
Q

ABx for typhoid fever?

A

Cefotaxime

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4
Q

ABx for C. diff - first episode of mild/moderate severity?

A

Metronidazole

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5
Q

ABx for C. diff - second/subsequent/severe/refractory infection?

A

Vancomycin

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6
Q

ABx for C. diff - vanc-refractory/life-threatening/ileus?

A

Oral vancomycin + IV metronidazole

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7
Q

ABx for biliary tract infection?

A 
Ciprofloxacin
Or
Gentamicin
Or
Cephalosporin
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8
Q

ABx for peritonitis?

A 
Cephalosporin + metronidazole
Or
Gentamicin + metronidazole
Or
Gentamicin + clindamycin
Or
Piperacillin with tazobactam
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9
Q

ABx for PD associated peritonitis?

A

Vancomycin + ceftazidime

Added to PD fluid

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10
Q

Initial ABx for suspected bacterial endocarditis?

A

Native valve: amoxicillin
Consider adding gentamicin
Penallerg/MRSA susp/severe sepsis - vancomycin + low dose gentamicin
Severe sepsis w/G-ve RFs - vancomycin + meropenem

Prosthetic valve: vancomycin + rifampicin + low-dose gentamicin

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11
Q

Initial ABx for suspected bacterial endocarditis?

A

Native valve: amoxicillin
Consider adding gentamicin
Penallerg/MRSA susp/severe sepsis - vancomycin + low dose gentamicin
Severe sepsis w/G-ve RFs - vancomycin + meropenem

Prosthetic valve: vancomycin + rifampicin + low-dose gentamicin

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12
Q

ABx for HACEK organisms?

A

Amoxicillin + low-dose gentamicin
Or
Ceftriaxone + low-dose gentamicin (if resistant)

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13
Q

HACEK organisms?

A 
Haemophilus
Actinobacillus
Cardiobacterium
Eikenella
Kingella
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14
Q

ABx for Hib epiglottitis?

A

Cefotaxime

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15
Q

ABx for AECOPD?

A 
Amoxicillin
Or
Tetracycline
Or
Clarithromycin
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16
Q

ABx for low-severity CAP?

A 
Amoxicillin
Or
Doxycycline
Or
Clarithromycin
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17
Q

ABx for moderate-severity CAP?

A

Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin
Or
Doxycycline alone

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18
Q

ABx for severe CAP?

A

Benzylpenicillin + Clarithromycin
Or
Benzylpenicillin + Doxycycline

If life-threatening/G-ve suspected/co-morbidities/nursing home resident:
Co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin
Or
Cefuroxime/cefotaxime + clarithromycin

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19
Q

ABx for suspected atypical pneumonia?

A

Clarithromycin (+ rifampicin if severe legionella)
Or
Quinolone (alternative for legionella)
Or
Doxycycline (alternative for chlamydia/mycoplasma)

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20
Q

ABx for early onset HAP?

A

Co-amoxiclav
Or
Cefuroxime

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21
Q

ABx for late onset HAP?

A 
Antipseudomonal (eg. Co-amoxiclav)
Or
Broad-spectrum cephalosporin (eg. ceftazidime)
Or
Antipseudomonal beta-lactam
Or
Quinolone (eg. Ciprofloxacin)
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22
Q

ABx for late onset HAP?

A 
Antipseudomonal (eg. Co-amoxiclav)
Or
Broad-spectrum cephalosporin (eg. ceftazidime)
Or
Antipseudomonal beta-lactam
Or
Quinolone (eg. Ciprofloxacin)
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23
Q

Cut-off for early vs late HAP?

A

Early: 5 days

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24
Q

Cut-off for early vs late HAP?

A

Early: 5 days

25
Q

ABx for empirical treatment of suspected meningitis?

A 
In the community:
Benzylpenicillin
Or
Cefotaxime
Or
Chloramphenicol
\+ urgent transfer to hospital

In hospital, aetiology unknown:
3 months - 50 years: Cefotaxime
50+ years: Cefotaxime + amoxicillin
(In both, consider adding vancomycin if multiple previous ABx use or travel to areas with pen/ceph resistance)

26
Q

ABx for meningococcal meningitis?

A 
Benzylpenicillin
Or
Cefotaxime
Or
Chloramphenicol
27
Q

ABx for pneumococcal meningitis?

A

Cefotaxime

If pen-sensitive, switch to benzylpenicillin
If pen/ceph resistant, add vancomycin ± rifampicin

28
Q

ABx for Haemophilus influenzae meningitis?

A

Cefotaxime
Or
Chloramphenicol

(Treat contacts

29
Q

ABx for Listeria meningitis?

A

Amoxicillin + gentamicin
Or
Co-trimoxazole

30
Q

ABx for acute pyelonephritis?

A

Broad-spectrum cephalosporin
Or
Quinolone

31
Q

ABx for acute prostatitis?

A 
Ciprofloxacin
Or
Ofloxacin
Or
Trimethoprim
32
Q

ABx for UTI?

A 
Trimethoprim
Or
Nitrofurantoin
Or
Amoxicillin
Or
Cephalosporin
33
Q

ABx for bacterial vaginosis?

A

Metronidazole (oral/topical)
Or
Topical clindamycin

34
Q

ABx for uncomplicated genital chlamydial infection?

A 
Azithromycin (single dose)
Or
Doxycycline (7 days)
Or
Erythromycin (14 days)

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)

35
Q

ABx for non-gonococcal urethritis/non-specific genital infection?

A 
Azithromycin
Or
Doxycycline
Or
Erythromycin
36
Q

ABx for uncomplicated gonorrhoea?

A

Azithromycin + I/M ceftriaxone (both single dose)

+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment

37
Q

ABx for pharyngeal gonorrhoea?

A

Same as genital
Single dose azithromycin + I/M ceftriaxone

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)

38
Q

ABx for pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

Doxycycline + metronidazole + I/M ceftriaxone
Or
Ofloxacin + metronidazole

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)

39
Q

ABx for pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

Doxycycline + metronidazole + I/M ceftriaxone
Or
Ofloxacin + metronidazole

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)

40
Q

ABx for syphilis infection?

A

Benzathine benzylpenicillin
Or
Doxycycline

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)
Asymptomatic contacts treated with doxycycline

41
Q

ABx for syphilis infection?

A

Benzathine benzylpenicillin
Or
Doxycycline

(+ contact tracing and assessment/treatment)
Asymptomatic contacts treated with doxycycline

42
Q

ABx for septicaemia?

A

Broad-spectrum antipseudomonal penicillin (piperacillin with tazobactam/ticarcillin with clavulanic acid)
Or
Broad-spectrum cephalosporin (eg. cefuroxime)

?MRSA - add vancomycin
?anaerobic - add metronidazole
?resistant - switch to meropenem

43
Q

ABx for line-related septicaemia?

A

Vancomycin

If G-ve suspected add broad-spectrum antipseudomonal beta-lactam eg. Tazocin/ticarcillin w/clav/meropenem

Consider removal of line

44
Q

ABx for meningococcal septicaemia?

A 
Benzylpenicillin
Or
Cefotaxime
Or
Chloramphenicol
45
Q

ABx for osteomyelitis?

A

Specialist advice if chronic or involving prostheses

Flucloxacillin (± rifampicin)
Or
Clindamycin (± rifampicin)

?MRSA - Vancomycin (± rifampicin)

46
Q

ABx for septic arthritis?

A

Seek specialist advice if prosthesis involved

Flucloxacillin
Or
Clindamycin

?MRSA - Vancomycin
?gonococcal/G-ve - Cefotaxime

47
Q

ABx for septic arthritis?

A

Seek specialist advice if prosthesis involved

Flucloxacillin
Or
Clindamycin

?MRSA - Vancomycin
?gonococcal/G-ve - Cefotaxime

48
Q

ABx for purulent conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol eye drops

49
Q

ABx for beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis?

A

Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Or
Clarithromycin

AVOID amoxicillin if possibility of glandular fever

50
Q

ABx for persistent, purulent or severe sinusitis?

A 
Amoxicillin
Or
Doxycycline
Or
Clarithromycin
51
Q

ABx for non-purulent conjunctivitis?

A

NONE

52
Q

ABx for pharyngitis?

A 
NONE, unless:
Hx of valvular heart disease
Marked systemic upset
Peritonsillar abscess
Infection risk (immunocompromised, CF)
53
Q

ABx for sinusitis

A

NONE, unless:
Persistent (>7/7) with purulent discharge
Or
Severe symptoms

54
Q

ABx for otitis externa?

A

Flucloxacillin
Or
Clarithromycin

?pseudomonas - ciprofloxacin

55
Q

ABx for otitis media?

A 
NONE, unless:
Child w/Sx unimproved for >3d
Deterioration
Systemically unwell
Infection risk (immunocompromised, CF)
Mastoiditis
Child
56
Q

ABx for impetigo, small area affected?

A

Local advice

Topical fusidic acid

?MRSA - mupirocin

57
Q

ABx for impetigo, widespread?

A

Flucloxacillin
?strep - add phenoxymethylpenicillin
Or
Clarithromycin

58
Q

ABx for erysipelas?

A 
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Or
Benzylpenicillin
Or
Clindamycin
OR
Clarithromycin
59
Q

ABx for cellulitis?

A 
Flucloxacillin (high dose)
?anaerobes/G-ve - broad spectrum
Or
Clindamycin
Or
Clarithromycin
Or
Vancomycin
60
Q

ABx for bites (animal/human)?

A 
Co-amoxiclav
Or
Doxycycline
Or
Metronidazole

CPT (3 decks)

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