BMS Unit 2 Flashcards
What are palindromes
A palindrome is a sequence that reads the same forwards as it does backwards
Why are palindromes important in DNA
A palindrome is important because they are recognized by restriction enzymes
How many nucleotides must be in a palindrome
At least 4
What do restriction enzymes do
Cut DNA at specific sequences
What type of cuts do restriction enzymes make?
Sticky and blunt
Where do restriction enzymes make cuts and what are these called?
They they cut DNA at specific sequences at restriction sites
What are RFLP’s and why are they important
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
They are variations in DNA length produced by restriction enzymes
What are gels used for
To separate macromolecules like DNA and RNA in electrophoresis
Components used in process related to gel
Agros buffer loading dye, Ethereum bromide comb gel rig
Where does the DNA start and where does it go and why?
DNA starts in the well and the DNA travels down to the positive electrode because DNA is negatively charged
What are Wells lanes and bands?
Wells are small indentations at the top of the gel where the DNA sample is loaded
Bands are horizontal lines that appear in the gel after electrophoresis
Lanes are vertical columns in the gel that contain the DNA samples
What does the distance traveled and brightness of each band mean?
The distance traveled is related to the size of the DNA fragment, smaller fragments travel further while larger fragments travel, shorter distance
Brighter bands indicate a higher concentration of DNA
What are the three main steps in DNA isolation in order?
Lysis precipitation, and purification
What can we do determine for DNA is pure what else does this machine do?
Spectrophotometer, measuring the concentrations of various other substances
What can we do determine for DNA is pure what else does this machine do?
Spectrophotometer, measuring the concentrations of various other substances
260nm/280nm
What is DNA purity in concentration measured in? What is considered pure DNA and why?
Absorbency units (AU)
Ang/ųL
Pure DNA is considered free of contaminants
What do we use standard curve for?
Standard curve is used determine the concentration of substance in a sample
